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\u09e9<\/strong>. <\/strong>\u0993\u09b7\u09c1\u09a7<\/strong>, <\/strong>\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u0995\u09b8\u09bf\u09a8<\/strong> <\/strong>\u0993<\/strong> <\/strong>\u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09cd\u09af<\/strong> <\/strong>\u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09aa\u09a8\u09be<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u09ea<\/strong>. <\/strong>\u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09c1\u09ce<\/strong>, <\/strong>\u099c\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09b2\u09be\u09a8\u09bf<\/strong> <\/strong>\u0993<\/strong> <\/strong>\u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b9\u09a8<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac\u09c7 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c1\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0 \u0993 \u09ae\u09be\u099d\u09be\u09b0\u09bf \u0996\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ac\u099a\u09c7\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09ac\u09a1\u09bc \u09b8\u09ae\u09b8\u09cd\u09af\u09be \u09b9\u099a\u09cd\u099b\u09c7 Input Price \u098f\u09ac\u0982 Output Price-\u098f\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u0985\u09a8\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u099a\u09af\u09bc\u09a4\u09be\u0964 \u09ab\u09bf\u09a1 \u09ac\u09be DOC-\u098f\u09b0 \u09a6\u09be\u09ae \u09ac\u09be\u09a1\u09bc\u09b2\u09c7 \u09b8\u09c7\u0987 \u0996\u09b0\u099a \u0996\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u09ce\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a3\u09bf\u0995\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09ac\u09b9\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u0995\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1 \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09bf\u09a4 \u09a1\u09bf\u09ae \u09ac\u09be \u09ac\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09b2\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a6\u09be\u09ae \u098f\u0995\u0987 \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09aa\u09be\u09a4\u09c7 \u09ac\u09be\u09a1\u09bc\u09ac\u09c7 – \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u099a\u09af\u09bc\u09a4\u09be \u09a8\u09c7\u0987\u0964 \u09b0\u09cb\u0997\u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a7\u09bf, \u09ae\u09c3\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09c1\u09b9\u09be\u09b0, FCR \u0996\u09be\u09b0\u09be\u09aa \u09b9\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be, \u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09c1\u09ce \u0993 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b9\u09a8 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09af\u09bc \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09ac\u09be\u099c\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u0986\u0995\u09b8\u09cd\u09ae\u09bf\u0995 \u09a6\u09b0\u09aa\u09a4\u09a8 \u098f\u0987 \u099d\u09c1\u0981\u0995\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \u0986\u09b0\u0993 \u09ac\u09be\u09a1\u09bc\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c7\u09af\u09bc\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c1\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0<\/strong> <\/strong>\u0993<\/strong> <\/strong>\u09ae\u09be\u099d\u09be\u09b0\u09bf<\/strong> <\/strong>\u0996\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u09b0\u09be\u0987<\/strong> <\/strong>\u09a4\u09c1\u09b2\u09a8\u09be\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u0995<\/strong> <\/strong>\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf<\/strong> <\/strong>\u099d\u09c1\u0981\u0995\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u09ac\u09a1\u09bc \u09b8\u09ae\u09a8\u09cd\u09ac\u09bf\u09a4 \u09ac\u09be Integrated Poultry Company-\u098f\u09b0 \u09a8\u09bf\u099c\u09b8\u09cd\u09ac Feed Mill, Hatchery, Breeder Farm, Technical Service \u098f\u09ac\u0982 Marketing Network \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u09ab\u09b2\u09c7 Value Chain-\u098f\u09b0 \u098f\u0995\u09be\u09a7\u09bf\u0995 \u09a7\u09be\u09aa \u09a4\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a8\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09a3\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09c7\u0964 \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09a6\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09a7\u09c0\u09a8 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c1\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0 \u0996\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \u0985\u09a7\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u0982\u09b6 Input \u09ac\u09be\u099c\u09be\u09b0 \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u0995\u09bf\u09a8\u09a4\u09c7 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 Output \u09ac\u09be\u099c\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u09ab\u09b2\u09c7 \u09ac\u09be\u099c\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u0995\u09c2\u09b2 \u0993\u09a0\u09be\u09a8\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ad\u09be\u09ac \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u0993\u09aa\u09b0 \u09a4\u09c1\u09b2\u09a8\u09be\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u0995 \u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4 \u09aa\u09a1\u09bc\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u09b2\u09be\u09ad<\/strong> <\/strong>\u09a8\u09be<\/strong> <\/strong>\u09b9\u09b2\u09c7<\/strong> <\/strong>\u0995\u09c0<\/strong> <\/strong>\u09b9\u09af\u09bc<\/strong>?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u09a6\u09c0\u09b0\u09cd\u0998\u09a6\u09bf\u09a8 \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7 \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u099e\u09cd\u099c\u09b8\u09cd\u09af\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af \u09a8\u09be \u09aa\u09c7\u09b2\u09c7 \u0996\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09bf flock \u0995\u09ae\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09a6\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8, \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09af\u09bc\u09bf\u0995\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8 \u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7 \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8 \u0985\u09a5\u09ac\u09be \u0996\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09b0 \u099b\u09c7\u09a1\u09bc\u09c7 \u09a6\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8\u0964 \u098f\u09b0 \u09ab\u09b2\u09c7 \u0995\u09bf\u099b\u09c1 \u09b8\u09ae\u09af\u09bc \u09aa\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u0995 \u09b8\u09b0\u09ac\u09b0\u09be\u09b9 \u0995\u09ae\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u09b8\u09b0\u09ac\u09b0\u09be\u09b9 \u0995\u09ae\u09c7 \u0997\u09c7\u09b2\u09c7 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u099a\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a6\u09be \u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09b2\u09c7 \u09ac\u09be\u099c\u09be\u09b0\u09a6\u09b0 \u0986\u09ac\u09be\u09b0 \u09ac\u09be\u09a1\u09bc\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u09a6\u09be\u09ae \u09ac\u09be\u09a1\u09bc\u09b2\u09c7 \u09a8\u09a4\u09c1\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8 \u09ac\u09c3\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf \u09aa\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09aa\u09b0\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09c0\u09a4\u09c7 \u0985\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u09b8\u09b0\u09ac\u09b0\u09be\u09b9 \u09b8\u09c3\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09bf \u09b9\u09b2\u09c7 \u09a6\u09be\u09ae \u0986\u09ac\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09ae\u09c7 \u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09ce \u09aa\u09cb\u09b2\u09cd\u099f\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf \u09ac\u09be\u099c\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf Boom-and-Bust Cycle<\/strong> \u09a4\u09c8\u09b0\u09bf \u09b9\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u09b0 \u099d\u09c1\u0981\u0995\u09bf \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09ae\u09be\u09a8<\/strong> <\/strong>\u09b8\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0<\/strong> <\/strong>\u0995\u09c0<\/strong> <\/strong>\u0995\u09b0\u09be<\/strong> <\/strong>\u0989\u099a\u09bf\u09a4<\/strong>?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cb\u09b2\u09cd\u099f\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf \u09b6\u09bf\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u0995\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c0\u09b0\u09cd\u0998\u09ae\u09c7\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u09a6\u09c7 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09a4\u09bf\u09b6\u09c0\u09b2 \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u0995\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u0989\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09cb\u0997 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09c7\u09b7\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u0997\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae\u09a4, \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf National Poultry Market Information System<\/strong> \u0997\u09a1\u09bc\u09c7 \u09a4\u09c1\u09b2\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7, \u09af\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u09a8\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09ae\u09bf\u09a4\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 DOC placement, layer population, feed production, \u09a1\u09bf\u09ae \u0993 \u09ac\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09b2\u09be\u09b0 \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8, \u09aa\u09be\u0987\u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09bf \u0993 \u0996\u09c1\u099a\u09b0\u09be \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09cd\u09af \u099a\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a6\u09be\u09b0 \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09ac\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09bf\u09a4\u09c0\u09af\u09bc\u09a4, \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u09b0 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09a8\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09ae\u09bf\u09a4 \u0993 \u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09a7\u09c0\u09a8 Cost of Production Index<\/strong> \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b6 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09cb\u099c\u09a8\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u09a4\u09c3\u09a4\u09c0\u09af\u09bc\u09a4, \u09ad\u09c1\u099f\u09cd\u099f\u09be \u0993 \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09cd\u09af \u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u09ab\u09bf\u09a1 \u0989\u09aa\u0995\u09b0\u09a3\u09c7\u09b0 \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8\u09b6\u09c0\u09b2\u09a4\u09be \u09ac\u09be\u09a1\u09bc\u09be\u09a4\u09c7 \u0997\u09ac\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3\u09be \u0993 \u09a8\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf\u0997\u09a4 \u09b8\u09b9\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09a4\u09be \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09cb\u099c\u09a8\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u099a\u09a4\u09c1\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09a4, \u0996\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09bf \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u09ad\u09cb\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09aa\u09a3\u09a8 \u09b6\u09c3\u0999\u09cd\u0996\u09b2 \u099b\u09cb\u099f \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 Producer Cooperative, Collection Centre \u098f\u09ac\u0982 Digital Marketing Platform \u0997\u09a1\u09bc\u09c7 \u09a4\u09cb\u09b2\u09be \u09af\u09c7\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u09aa\u099e\u09cd\u099a\u09ae\u09a4, \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c1\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0 \u0993 \u09ae\u09be\u099d\u09be\u09b0\u09bf \u0996\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac\u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09ae\u09a4 \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09a8, \u09ac\u09c0\u09ae\u09be, Biosecurity Support \u098f\u09ac\u0982 Veterinary Extension Service \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b6\u09be\u09b2\u09c0 \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u09b7\u09b7\u09cd\u09a0\u09a4, \u09ac\u09be\u099c\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09bf\u09a4\u09be \u09ac\u099c\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09b0\u09be\u0996\u09a4\u09c7 hatchery, feed, egg \u098f\u09ac\u0982 broiler market \u09a8\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09ae\u09bf\u09a4 \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09c7\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a3 \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cb\u09b2\u09cd\u099f\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf \u09b6\u09bf\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09b8\u09cd\u09af\u09be \u0995\u09c7\u09ac\u09b2 \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09b8\u09cd\u09af\u09be \u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u098f\u09b0 \u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7 \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09af\u09bc, \u09ac\u09be\u099c\u09be\u09b0 \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af, \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u0995\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09a8\u09be, \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09b6\u09c3\u0999\u09cd\u0996\u09b2, \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09a8, \u09b0\u09cb\u0997 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09aa\u09a8\u09be \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09ac\u09be\u099c\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09bf\u09a4\u09be – \u09b8\u09ac\u0995\u09bf\u099b\u09c1 \u099c\u09a1\u09bc\u09bf\u09a4\u0964 \u0996\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09bf \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a8\u09bf\u099a\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c0\u09b0\u09cd\u0998\u09a6\u09bf\u09a8 \u09aa\u09a3\u09cd\u09af \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf \u0995\u09b0\u09b2\u09c7 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa \u099f\u09c7\u0995\u09b8\u0987 \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09ac\u09c7 \u09a8\u09be\u0964 \u0986\u09ac\u09be\u09b0 \u09ad\u09cb\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09be \u09af\u09a6\u09bf \u0996\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a4\u09c1\u09b2\u09a8\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u0985\u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf \u09a6\u09be\u09ae\u09c7 \u09a1\u09bf\u09ae \u09ac\u09be \u09ae\u09c1\u09b0\u0997\u09bf \u0995\u09bf\u09a8\u09a4\u09c7 \u09ac\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af \u09b9\u09a8, \u09a4\u09be\u09b9\u09b2\u09c7 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09b6\u09c3\u0999\u09cd\u0996\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4\u09be \u09a8\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u0993 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b6\u09cd\u09a8 \u0989\u09a0\u09ac\u09c7\u0964 \u09a4\u09be\u0987 \u09b6\u09c1\u09a7\u09c1 \u201c\u09a6\u09be\u09ae \u09ac\u09be\u09a1\u09bc\u09be\u09a8\u09cb\u201d \u0995\u09bf\u0982\u09ac\u09be \u201c\u09a6\u09be\u09ae \u0995\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09cb\u201d – \u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb\u099f\u09bf\u0987 \u098f\u0995\u0995 \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u09a7\u09be\u09a8 \u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09cb\u099c\u09a8 \u09b9\u099a\u09cd\u099b\u09c7 \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8 \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u09ad\u09cb\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09be \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u09aa\u09c1\u09b0\u09cb Value Chain-\u098f\u09b0 \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af\u09ad\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09aa\u09a8\u09be\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u09b6\u09c7\u09b7<\/strong> <\/strong>\u0995\u09a5\u09be<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u0996\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09bf \u09af\u09a6\u09bf \u09af\u09cc\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u09ae\u09c1\u09a8\u09be\u09ab\u09be\u09b8\u09b9 \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8 \u099a\u09be\u09b2\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09af\u09c7\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8, \u09a4\u09be\u09b9\u09b2\u09c7 \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09a4\u09bf\u09b6\u09c0\u09b2 \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09ac\u09c7\u0964 \u0986\u09b0 \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09a4\u09bf\u09b6\u09c0\u09b2 \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09b2\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c0\u09b0\u09cd\u0998\u09ae\u09c7\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u09a6\u09c7 \u09ad\u09cb\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u0993 \u09b8\u09b9\u09a8\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u09a6\u09be\u09ae\u09c7 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09be\u09aa\u09a6 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a3\u09bf\u099c \u0986\u09ae\u09bf\u09b7 \u09aa\u09be\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c1\u09af\u09cb\u0997 \u09aa\u09be\u09ac\u09c7\u09a8\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c<\/strong>\u0996\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u0995\u09c7<\/strong> <\/strong>\u09ac\u09be\u0981\u099a\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7<\/strong> <\/strong>\u09b0\u09c7\u0996\u09c7<\/strong> <\/strong>\u09ad\u09cb\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u0995\u09c7<\/strong> <\/strong>\u09b8\u09c1\u09b0\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be<\/strong> <\/strong>\u09a6\u09c7\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u0987<\/strong> <\/strong>\u09b9\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be<\/strong> <\/strong>\u0989\u099a\u09bf\u09a4<\/strong> <\/strong>\u09aa\u09cb\u09b2\u09cd\u099f\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf<\/strong> <\/strong>\u09a8\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0<\/strong> <\/strong>\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2<\/strong> <\/strong>\u09a6\u09b0\u09cd\u09b6\u09a8<\/strong>; <\/strong>\u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09a3<\/strong> <\/strong>\u099f\u09c7\u0995\u09b8\u0987<\/strong> <\/strong>\u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8<\/strong> <\/strong>\u099b\u09be\u09a1\u09bc\u09be<\/strong> <\/strong>\u09a6\u09c0\u09b0\u09cd\u0998\u09ae\u09c7\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u09a6\u09c7<\/strong> <\/strong>\u09b8\u09be\u09b6\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09c0<\/strong> <\/strong>\u09ac\u09be\u099c\u09be\u09b0<\/strong> <\/strong>\u09a8\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u099a\u09bf\u09a4<\/strong> <\/strong>\u0995\u09b0\u09be<\/strong> <\/strong>\u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09ad\u09ac<\/strong> <\/strong>\u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u0964<\/strong>\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

 – \u09a1<\/strong>. <\/strong>\u09ac\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099c\u09bf\u09a6<\/strong> <\/strong>\u09ae\u09cb\u09a1\u09bc\u09b2<\/strong>
\u0995\u09c3\u09b7\u09bf \u09b8\u09be\u0982\u09ac\u09be\u09a6\u09bf\u0995 \u0993 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09b9\u09c0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u0995
AgricultureNews24.com<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af\u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0: \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a3\u09bf\u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09a6 \u0985\u09a7\u09bf\u09a6\u09aa\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0 (DLS), \u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a3\u09bf\u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09a6 \u0997\u09ac\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3\u09be \u0987\u09a8\u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u09bf\u099f\u09bf\u0989\u099f (BLRI), \u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09b8\u0982\u0996\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a8 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09c1\u09b0\u09cb (BBS), FAO, BPICC, FIAB \u0993 WPSA-BB; Kamruzzaman et al. (2021), Heliyon<\/em> \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09bf\u0995 \u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf-\u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf peer-reviewed \u0997\u09ac\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3\u09be \u099c\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a8\u09be\u09b2\u0964<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Why Is There a Gap Between Farmers\u2019 Expectations and What They Actually Receive?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

A Research-Based Report by Dr Bayezid Moral<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bangladesh\u2019s poultry industry is one of the country\u2019s most important agro-based industries. Eggs and chicken are among the most affordable sources of animal protein for the population. The industry has also created employment for a vast number of people throughout its value chain, including production, hatcheries, feed manufacturing, veterinary medicine, transportation, marketing and processing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Different estimates have been reported regarding employment in Bangladesh\u2019s poultry sector. Industry sources have stated that approximately six million people are directly or indirectly involved in the sector. Meanwhile, an international research paper published in 2023 cited previous studies and USDA data indicating employment of around eight million people. Therefore, rather than relying on one specific figure, it is safer to state that Bangladesh\u2019s poultry sector supports the employment and livelihoods of several million people, both directly and indirectly.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The reality, however, is that consumers believe egg and chicken prices remain high, while a large proportion of poultry farmers say they are not receiving prices that correspond to their production costs. In other words, both producers and consumers are dissatisfied within the same market.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The question, therefore, is: What causes this apparent contradiction?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Reality of the Current Market<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Bangladesh\u2019s poultry sector is currently passing through a complex economic situation. Even when the supply of eggs and broilers remains normal, farmers\u2019 profitability can change rapidly because of fluctuations in market prices, production costs, seasonal demand and production volumes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Small and medium-sized farmers, in particular, depend heavily on the open market for day-old chicks, feed, medicines, vaccines and marketing. Therefore, when the prices of raw materials or other inputs increase, they cannot immediately reduce their production costs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Conversely, when farm-gate prices fall, consumers do not always receive the full benefit. The involvement of multiple intermediaries\u2014including collectors, traders, wholesalers, transporters and retailers\u2014between producers and consumers can create a significant price gap.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A study published in 2023 on Bangladesh\u2019s poultry production and distribution network also identified the presence of multiple intermediaries and marketing channels.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Factors Affecting Production Costs<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The principal costs of poultry production include feed, day-old chicks or DOCs, labour, medicines and veterinary services, electricity and fuel, litter, transportation and infrastructure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The prices of eggs and chicken do not always change at the same rate as the prices of these inputs. Consequently, a farmer may sometimes earn a profit despite favourable market prices, while at other times apparently good market prices may still fail to generate the expected profit because of high production costs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Feed Prices: The Most Significant Cost<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Feed is the largest single cost in poultry production. A study involving 210 broiler farms in Dhaka, Rajshahi, Mymensingh and Chattogram found that feed accounted for 74.52 per cent<\/strong> of total production costs. The study was based on farm-level data collected in August and September 2019 and was published in the journal Heliyon<\/em> in 2021. It therefore demonstrates that feed prices have a major influence on the profitability of broiler production.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The principal ingredients of poultry feed include maize, soybean meal, dried distillers\u2019 grains with solubles or DDGS, rice polish, wheat and wheat by-products, meat and bone meal, fishmeal, limestone, dicalcium phosphate, salt, amino acids such as lysine, methionine and threonine, vitamin and mineral premixes, enzymes and other feed additives.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some of these ingredients are import-dependent. Even the prices of locally produced ingredients can be affected by international markets, transportation expenses and fluctuations in foreign exchange rates. Therefore, an increase in feed prices rapidly raises farmers\u2019 production costs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Feed Wastage Is Also Important<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Production expenses can increase not only because of feed prices but also because of poor farm management. Inappropriate feeders, feed spillage, infestation by rodents and birds, moisture damage, inadequate storage and improper feeding practices all increase the actual cost of production.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The extent of feed wastage, however, can vary considerably from one farm to another. It is therefore advisable not to cite a specific percentage without reliable farm-level measurements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In my assessment, feed prices and feed conversion efficiency are among the most important determinants of profitability in Bangladesh\u2019s poultry industry. Significant progress in controlling production costs could be achieved by increasing domestic production of maize and other feed ingredients, stabilising the raw-material market and ensuring scientific feed management.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Cost of Day-Old Chicks<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Day-old chicks, or DOCs, are another important input in broiler production. However, excessive generalisation regarding DOC costs should be avoided.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The study involving 210 broiler farms in 2019 found that DOCs accounted for an average of 5.76 per cent<\/strong> of total production costs. Depending on the region, the proportion ranged from approximately 3.65 to 6.22 per cent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

However, when DOC prices rise abnormally in the current market, their share of expenditure during a particular production cycle may increase substantially. A recent farm-level cost-of-production survey would therefore be necessary to determine the current share of DOC expenses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

DOC prices are primarily associated with parent-stock production, the supply of hatching eggs, hatchery production planning, seasonal demand and farmers\u2019 willingness to place new flocks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. Medicines, Vaccines and Health Management<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Vaccines, disinfectants, vitamins and minerals, probiotics and, where necessary, veterinary medicines are used to prevent disease and maintain normal production on poultry farms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As some of these products and their raw materials are imported, changes in international prices, exchange rates, transportation and supply systems may affect farm expenses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Unnecessary use of medicines, however, not only raises production costs but also increases the risk of antimicrobial resistance. The use of medicines should therefore follow the advice of a registered veterinarian, while scientifically sound disease-prevention practices should receive the highest priority.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. Electricity, Fuel and Transportation<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Electricity is required for brooding, lighting, ventilation, water supply, cooling and other farm operations. During power outages, farmers incur additional expenses for generators or alternative energy arrangements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, increases in the cost of transporting feed, chicks, eggs and live chickens directly affect both production and marketing expenses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5. Labour Costs<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Poultry farms require skilled workers. In addition to higher wages, a shortage of trained workers can weaken feed management, biosecurity, brooding and disease-management practices.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Production costs may therefore rise not only because of direct labour expenses but also as a consequence of management errors.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Why Do Egg and Broiler Prices Fall?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

An increase in production costs does not necessarily result in higher market prices in the poultry industry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Several important factors are responsible for this situation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Oversupply<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

When egg or broiler prices become favourable, many farmers are encouraged to begin or expand production. If a large number of farms enter production at the same time, the market may face an increase in supply after a certain period.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

When supply grows faster than demand, market prices decline.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Lack of Production and Market Data<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Bangladesh needs a stronger, coordinated and easily accessible real-time market information system containing regular data on the number of broilers under production, DOC placements, layer populations, the volume of eggs entering the market and projected demand for the coming months.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Without reliable information, farmers often make production decisions based on previous market prices. This can create shortages at certain times and oversupply at others.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. A Long Marketing Chain<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The presence of multiple marketing stages between farmers and consumers creates a gap between farm-gate and retail prices.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Research on Bangladesh\u2019s poultry supply system has identified a complex production and distribution network involving live-bird markets, dealers, middlemen, slaughter points, supermarkets and other participants.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Consequently, even when farmers sell at low prices, there is no guarantee that consumers will receive the full benefit. Organised direct marketing by farmers, producer cooperatives, digital markets and transparent daily price-information systems therefore need to be developed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. The Role of Influential Market Participants<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Allegations of syndication in the poultry industry have been raised on various occasions. However, no individual or company should be labelled a \u201csyndicate\u201d without credible evidence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

When a substantial share of important production inputs or marketing channels is concentrated in the hands of a small number of companies, the state of market competition should be assessed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Regular market analysis and public disclosure of information by the Bangladesh Competition Commission, the Directorate of National Consumer Rights Protection and other relevant government agencies are essential in this regard.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5. No Automatic Relationship Between Production Costs and Market Prices<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Egg and broiler prices are determined by the combined effects of market demand, supply, production costs, seasonal conditions, transportation and the structure of the marketing system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even when a farmer\u2019s production costs rise, oversupply in the market may prevent the farmer from recovering the additional expense through the selling price.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is one of the greatest business risks facing poultry farmers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

What Do Farmers Expect?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The principal expectation of poultry farmers is a predictable, competitive and business-friendly environment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

They want market prices that correspond to production costs, quality chicks and feed, effective disease control, accessible veterinary services, reasonable financing arrangements, stable electricity and fuel supplies, and reliable information about market demand and supply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

What Are Farmers Actually Receiving?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

In practice, the greatest problem facing small and medium-sized farmers is uncertainty between input prices and output prices.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

When feed or DOC prices increase, farmers must immediately bear the additional cost. There is, however, no guarantee that the prices of the eggs or broilers they produce will rise proportionately.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Disease outbreaks, mortality, poor feed conversion ratios, electricity and transportation expenses, and sudden market-price declines further increase this risk.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Small and Medium-Sized Farmers Face Greater Risks<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Large integrated poultry companies may have their own feed mills, hatcheries, breeder farms, technical services and marketing networks. Consequently, they can exercise control over multiple stages of the value chain.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Independent small-scale farmers, by contrast, must purchase most inputs from the market and sell their output in that same market. They are therefore affected more quickly and severely by unfavourable market fluctuations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

What Happens When Farming Is No Longer Profitable?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

When farmers remain unable to obtain prices corresponding to their production costs for an extended period, they may reduce flock sizes, temporarily suspend production or leave the industry altogether.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This can eventually reduce overall supply. If demand remains stable while supply declines, market prices may rise again. Higher prices encourage renewed production, which can later create another oversupply and cause prices to fall once more.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The poultry market therefore faces the risk of developing a boom-and-bust cycle<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

What Should the Current Government Do?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Several initiatives are particularly important for ensuring the long-term stability of Bangladesh\u2019s poultry industry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

First, the government should establish a National Poultry Market Information System<\/strong> containing regularly updated data on DOC placements, layer populations, feed production, egg and broiler production, wholesale and retail prices, and projected demand.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Second, an independent and regularly updated Cost of Production Index<\/strong> should be published.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Third, research and policy support are needed to increase the productivity of maize and other potential domestically produced feed ingredients.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fourth, producer cooperatives, collection centres and digital marketing platforms could be established to shorten the marketing chain between farmers and consumers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fifth, realistic financing, insurance, biosecurity support and veterinary extension services should be strengthened for small and medium-sized farmers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sixth, hatchery, feed, egg and broiler markets should be monitored regularly to maintain fair competition.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Analysis<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The challenges confronting Bangladesh\u2019s poultry industry are not limited to production. They involve production costs, market information, production planning, the value chain, financing, disease management and market competition.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The industry cannot remain sustainable if farmers are forced to sell below production cost for long periods. At the same time, if consumers are compelled to purchase eggs or chicken at prices disproportionately higher than farm-gate rates, questions must be raised about the efficiency of the value chain.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Therefore, neither simply \u201craising prices\u201d nor \u201creducing prices\u201d offers a complete solution. What is required is data-driven management of the entire value chain\u2014from production to the consumer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Conclusion<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Low prices for eggs and broilers cannot be explained through the simplistic assumption that consumers benefit while farmers suffer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The entire value chain\u2014from production to the market\u2014must be scientifically analysed and reformed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

If farmers can continue production with a reasonable profit, supply will remain stable. Stable production, in turn, will enable consumers to obtain safe animal protein at affordable prices over the long term.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cProtecting consumers while keeping farmers in business should be the central philosophy of poultry policy, because an affordable market cannot be sustained in the long term without sustainable production.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2014 Dr Bayezid Moral<\/strong>
Agricultural Journalist and Executive Editor
AgricultureNews24.com<\/p>\n\n\n\n

References<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Department of Livestock Services (DLS), Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI), Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS), FAO, BPICC, FIAB and WPSA-BB; Kamruzzaman et al. (2021), Heliyon<\/em>; and relevant national and international peer-reviewed research journals.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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