{"id":8991,"date":"2026-09-21T23:22:14","date_gmt":"2026-09-21T17:22:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/?p=8991"},"modified":"2026-09-21T23:24:15","modified_gmt":"2026-09-21T17:24:15","slug":"%e0%a6%b8%e0%a6%bf%e0%a6%ae%e0%a7%87%e0%a6%a8%e0%a7%8d%e0%a6%9f%e0%a6%be%e0%a6%b2-%e0%a6%ab%e0%a7%8d%e0%a6%b2%e0%a7%87%e0%a6%95%e0%a6%ad%e0%a6%bf-%e0%a6%97%e0%a6%b0%e0%a7%81-%e0%a5%a4%e0%a5%a4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/?p=8991","title":{"rendered":"\u09b8\u09bf\u09ae\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u09b2\/\u09ab\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u0995\u09ad\u09bf \u0997\u09b0\u09c1 \u0964\u0964"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">\u09b8\u09bf\u09ae\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u09b2\/\u09ab\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u0995\u09ad\u09bf \u0997\u09b0\u09c1 \u0964\u0964 <\/mark><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">\u09a6\u09c1\u09a7, \u09ae\u09be\u0982\u09b8, \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u099c\u09a8\u09a8, \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09aa\u09a8\u09be \u0993 \u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac\u09a4\u09be \u09a8\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u09be\u0999\u09cd\u0997 \u0997\u09ac\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3\u09be\u09a7\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u09c0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09a6\u09a8\u0964\u0964<\/mark><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color\">\u09a1. \u09ac\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099c\u09bf\u09a6 \u09ae\u09cb\u09a1\u09bc\u09b2<br>\u0995\u09c3\u09b7\u09bf \u09b8\u09be\u0982\u09ac\u09be\u09a6\u09bf\u0995, \u0997\u09ac\u09c7\u09b7\u0995 \u0993 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09b9\u09c0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u0995\u0964\u0964<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Simmental-and-Fleckvieh-2-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9003\" style=\"width:264px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Simmental-and-Fleckvieh-2-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Simmental-and-Fleckvieh-2-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Simmental-and-Fleckvieh-2-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Simmental-and-Fleckvieh-2-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Simmental-and-Fleckvieh-2-500x280.jpg 500w, https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Simmental-and-Fleckvieh-2.jpg 1672w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09b8\u09bf\u09ae\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u09b2 \u09ac\u09be \u09ab\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u0995\u09ad\u09bf (Simmental\/Fleckvieh) \u09aa\u09c3\u09a5\u09bf\u09ac\u09c0\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ac\u099a\u09c7\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c3\u09a4, \u09ac\u09b9\u09c1\u09ae\u09c1\u0996\u09c0 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09a8\u09c8\u09a4\u09bf\u0995\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u0997\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3 \u0997\u09b0\u09c1\u09b0 \u09ac\u0982\u09b6\u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09be\u09b0\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb\u09b0 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf\u0964 \u098f\u0995\u0987 \u0997\u09b0\u09c1 \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09b9\u09a3\u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09cd\u09af \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae\u09be\u09a3 \u09a6\u09c1\u09a7, \u09ad\u09be\u09b2\u09cb \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09be\u099b\u09c1\u09b0 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09ad\u09be\u09b0\u09c0 \u09ae\u09be\u0982\u09b8\u09b2 \u09a6\u09c7\u09b9\u2014\u098f\u0987 \u09a4\u09bf\u09a8 \u09b8\u09c1\u09ac\u09bf\u09a7\u09be \u098f\u0995\u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09a8\u09be\u0987 \u099c\u09be\u09a4\u099f\u09bf\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a7\u09be\u09a8 \u0986\u0995\u09b0\u09cd\u09b7\u09a3\u0964 \u09a4\u09ac\u09c7 \u201c\u09b8\u09bf\u09ae\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u09b2\u201d \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u201c\u09ab\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u0995\u09ad\u09bf\u201d \u09b6\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6 \u09a6\u09c1\u099f\u09bf \u0985\u09a8\u09c7\u0995 \u09b8\u09ae\u09af\u09bc \u098f\u0995\u0987 \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09c7 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09c3\u09a4 \u09b9\u09b2\u09c7\u0993 \u0986\u09a7\u09c1\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u099c\u09a8\u09a8\u09c7 \u098f\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u0995\u09bf\u099b\u09c1 \u0997\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u0995\u09cd\u09af \u0986\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u0987\u0989\u09b0\u09cb\u09aa\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09bf, \u0985\u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u0993 \u0986\u09b6\u09aa\u09be\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7 \u09ab\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u0995\u09ad\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a7\u09be\u09a8\u09a4 \u09ad\u09be\u09b0\u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09cd\u09af\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3 \u09a6\u09c1\u09a7\u2013\u09ae\u09be\u0982\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09c8\u09a4-\u0989\u09a6\u09cd\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09cd\u09af \u099c\u09be\u09a4 \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u0989\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09a6\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \u0989\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0 \u0993 \u09a6\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09bf\u09a3 \u0986\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0\u09bf\u0995\u09be, \u0985\u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09b2\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u0986\u09b0\u0993 \u0995\u09bf\u099b\u09c1 \u0985\u099e\u09cd\u099a\u09b2\u09c7 \u09b8\u09bf\u09ae\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09b9\u09c1 \u09b2\u09be\u0987\u09a8 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09a4 \u09ae\u09be\u0982\u09b8 \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u099a\u09bf\u09a4\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09a4\u09be\u0987 \u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb \u0996\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09bf \u09b6\u09c1\u09a7\u09c1 \u201c\u09b8\u09bf\u09ae\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u09b2\u201d \u09a8\u09be\u09ae \u09b6\u09c1\u09a8\u09c7 \u09ac\u09c0\u099c \u09ac\u09be \u09ad\u09cd\u09b0\u09c2\u09a3 \u0995\u09bf\u09a8\u09b2\u09c7 \u099a\u09b2\u09ac\u09c7 \u09a8\u09be\u0964 \u09a4\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u099c\u09be\u09a8\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7\u2014\u09ac\u09c1\u09b2\u099f\u09bf dairy Fleckvieh, dual-purpose Fleckvieh, \u09a8\u09be beef Simmental; \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09a6\u09c1\u09a7, \u09ac\u09be\u099f, \u09aa\u09be-\u0996\u09c1\u09b0, \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b8\u09ac\u09b8\u09b9\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09a4\u09be, \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09ae\u0993\u099c\u09a8, \u09ac\u09c3\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf, \u0995\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b0 \u0989\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09b0\u09a4\u09be \u0993 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09b8\u09b9\u09a8\u09b6\u09c0\u09b2\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 breeding value \u0995\u09c0\u0964 \u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09cb \u0989\u09b7\u09cd\u09a3 \u0993 \u0986\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0 \u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7 \u098f\u0987 \u09af\u09be\u099a\u09be\u0987 \u0986\u09b0\u0993 \u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf \u099c\u09b0\u09c1\u09b0\u09bf\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u09e7. \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u0993 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u0987\u09a4\u09bf\u09b9\u09be\u09b8<\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"739\" height=\"415\" src=\"https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/images-14.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8993\" style=\"width:296px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/images-14.jpg 739w, https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/images-14-300x168.jpg 300w, https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/images-14-500x280.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 739px) 100vw, 739px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u099c\u09be\u09a4\u099f\u09bf\u09b0 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2 \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09b8\u09c1\u0987\u099c\u09be\u09b0\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a1\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a8\u09bf\u099c \u0993\u09ac\u09be\u09b0\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a1\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09bf\u09ae\u09c7 (Simme) \u09a8\u09a6\u09c0 \u0989\u09aa\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u201cSimmental\u201d \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5 \u09ae\u09cb\u099f\u09be\u09ae\u09c1\u099f\u09bf \u201c\u09b8\u09bf\u09ae\u09c7 \u0989\u09aa\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09be\u09b0 \u0997\u09b0\u09c1\u0964\u201d \u0990\u09a4\u09bf\u09b9\u09be\u09b8\u09bf\u0995\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u098f\u09b8\u09ac \u0997\u09b0\u09c1 \u09a6\u09c1\u09a7, \u09ae\u09be\u0982\u09b8 \u0993 \u0995\u09c3\u09b7\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u099c\u09c7 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u2014\u09a4\u09bf\u09a8 \u0995\u09be\u099c\u09c7\u0987 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09c3\u09a4 \u09b9\u09a4\u09cb\u0964 \u0987\u0989\u09b0\u09cb\u09aa\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c0\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u0993 \u09ad\u09be\u09b7\u09be\u09ad\u09c7\u09a6\u09c7 \u098f\u0995\u0987 \u09ac\u0982\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u0997\u09b0\u09c1 Fleckvieh, Simmental, Simmentaler, Pezzata Rossa, Montb\u00e9liarde \u0987\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a6\u09bf \u09a8\u09be\u09ae\u09c7 \u09ac\u09be \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u0995\u09bf\u09a4 \u099c\u09a8\u09b8\u0982\u0996\u09cd\u09af\u09be \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u099a\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u09a4\u09ac\u09c7 \u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09ae\u09be\u09a8 herdbook \u0993 breeding programme \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c0 \u09b8\u09ac \u09a8\u09be\u09ae\u0995\u09c7 \u098f\u0995 \u099c\u09be\u09a4 \u09a7\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a8\u09c7\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u09ac\u09c8\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09bf\u0995\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09a0\u09bf\u0995 \u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0989\u09a8\u09bf\u09b6 \u09b6\u09a4\u0995\u09c7 \u09b8\u09c1\u0987\u09b8 \u09b8\u09bf\u09ae\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u09b2 \u0997\u09b0\u09c1 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af \u0987\u0989\u09b0\u09cb\u09aa\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u0997\u09b0\u09c1\u09b0 \u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u0995\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09bf\u09a4\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09b8\u0982\u0995\u09b0\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09a3 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u099c\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u09ad\u09be\u09b7\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u201cFleckvieh\u201d \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5 \u09a6\u09be\u0997\u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u09ac\u09be spotted cattle\u0964 \u099c\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09bf \u0993 \u0985\u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09a6\u09c0\u09b0\u09cd\u0998\u09a6\u09bf\u09a8 \u09a7\u09b0\u09c7 milk yield, fat-protein, muscling, fertility, udder health, longevity \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09aa\u09be-\u0996\u09c1\u09b0\u2014\u09b8\u09ac\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb\u0995\u09c7 selection index-\u098f \u09b0\u09c7\u0996\u09c7 \u0986\u09a7\u09c1\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 Fleckvieh \u0997\u09a1\u09bc\u09c7 \u09a4\u09cb\u09b2\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09a6\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \u09ac\u09b9\u09c1 \u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7 beef Simmental-\u098f\u09b0 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u099a\u09a8 \u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4 \u09ac\u09c3\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf, weaning weight, carcass weight, muscling \u0993 \u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09c3\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u0997\u09c1\u09a3\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a6\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf \u0997\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">World Simmental Fleckvieh Federation-\u098f\u09b0 \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c0 \u09b8\u0982\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u099f\u09bf\u09b0 \u09b8\u09a6\u09b8\u09cd\u09af\u09b0\u09be \u099b\u09af\u09bc \u09ae\u09b9\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c3\u09a4 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09a8\u09bf\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf\u09a4 herdbook \u0997\u09be\u09ad\u09c0\u09b0 \u09b8\u0982\u0996\u09cd\u09af\u09be \u0995\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u0995 \u09ae\u09bf\u09b2\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09a8\u0964 \u098f\u0987 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae\u09be\u09a3 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u099c\u09be\u09a4\u099f\u09bf\u09b0 \u099c\u09c7\u09a8\u09c7\u099f\u09bf\u0995 \u09ad\u09be\u09a3\u09cd\u09a1\u09be\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09be\u09b2; \u098f\u0995\u0987 \u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae\u09be\u09a3 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09af\u09c7 \u09b8\u09ac \u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 Simmental\/Fleckvieh \u098f\u0995\u09b0\u0995\u09ae \u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u09e8. \u09b8\u09bf\u09ae\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u09b2 \u0993 \u09ab\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u0995\u09ad\u09bf\u09b0 \u09b8\u09b9\u099c \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u0995\u09cd\u09af<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><th>\u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09af\u09bc<\/th><th>\u09a1\u09c7\u0987\u09b0\u09bf\/\u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09c8\u09a4-\u0989\u09a6\u09cd\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09cd\u09af \u09ab\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u0995\u09ad\u09bf<\/th><th>\u09ac\u09bf\u09ab \u09b8\u09bf\u09ae\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u09b2<\/th><\/tr><tr><td>\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a7\u09be\u09a8 \u09b2\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09cd\u09af<\/td><td>\u09a6\u09c1\u09a7 + \u09ac\u09be\u099b\u09c1\u09b0\/\u09ae\u09be\u0982\u09b8 + functional fitness<\/td><td>\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4 \u09ac\u09c3\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf + \u09ae\u09be\u0982\u09b8 + \u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09c3\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u0997\u09c1\u09a3<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u09a6\u09c7\u09b9\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a7\u09b0\u09a8<\/td><td>\u0997\u09ad\u09c0\u09b0 \u09a6\u09c7\u09b9, \u09ad\u09be\u09b2\u09cb \u09ac\u09be\u099f, \u09af\u09a5\u09c7\u09b7\u09cd\u099f \u09aa\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf<\/td><td>\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf \u09aa\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf\u09ac\u09b9\u09c1\u09b2, \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b6\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4 \u0993 \u09ad\u09be\u09b0\u09c0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u09a6\u09c1\u09a7\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b0\u09c7\u0995\u09b0\u09cd\u09a1<\/td><td>\u09a8\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09ae\u09bf\u09a4 milk recording \u0993 fat-protein selection<\/td><td>\u0997\u09be\u09ad\u09c0\u09b0 maternal milk EPD \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7; \u09a6\u09cb\u09b9\u09a8-\u09b0\u09c7\u0995\u09b0\u09cd\u09a1 \u09b8\u09be\u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09a4 \u09b2\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09cd\u09af \u09a8\u09af\u09bc<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09be\u09b0<\/td><td>\u09ac\u09be\u09a3\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u09af\u09bf\u0995 \u09a6\u09c1\u0997\u09cd\u09a7 \u0993 dual-purpose \u0996\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09b0<\/td><td>beef cow-calf, terminal \u09ac\u09be maternal cross<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u09ac\u09c0\u099c \u09ac\u09be\u099b\u09be\u0987<\/td><td>milk, udder, fertility, SCC, longevity, beef index<\/td><td>birth weight, calving ease, weaning\/yearling weight, carcass, maternal traits<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf beef Simmental \u0997\u09be\u09ad\u09c0 \u09ac\u09be\u099b\u09c1\u09b0 \u09aa\u09be\u09b2\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09aa\u09cd\u09a4 \u09a6\u09c1\u09a7 \u09a6\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7; \u0995\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1 \u09a4\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u0989\u099a\u09cd\u099a \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8\u09b6\u09c0\u09b2 \u09a6\u09c1\u09a7\u09c7\u09b0 \u0997\u09be\u09ad\u09c0 \u09ae\u09a8\u09c7 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09ad\u09c1\u09b2\u0964 \u0986\u09ac\u09be\u09b0 dairy Fleckvieh \u09ad\u09be\u09b2\u09cb \u09ae\u09be\u0982\u09b8\u09b2 \u09b9\u09b2\u09c7\u0993 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09c7\u09b7\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09bf\u09a4 terminal beef sire-\u098f\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u09a8 carcass \u09a8\u09be\u0993 \u09a6\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u09e9. \u09ac\u09be\u09b9\u09cd\u09af\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09c8\u09b6\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09cd\u09af<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0990\u09a4\u09bf\u09b9\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09be\u09b9\u09c0 \u09b8\u09bf\u09ae\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u09b2\/\u09ab\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u0995\u09ad\u09bf \u09b8\u09be\u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09a4 \u09b9\u09b2\u09c1\u09a6\u09be\u09ad-\u09b2\u09be\u09b2 \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u0997\u09be\u09a2\u09bc \u09b2\u09be\u09b2 \u09a6\u09be\u0997\u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09b8\u09be\u09a6\u09be \u09ae\u09c1\u0996\u09c7\u09b0\u0964 \u09aa\u09c7\u099f\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a8\u09bf\u099a, \u09ac\u09c1\u0995, \u09aa\u09be \u0993 \u09b2\u09c7\u099c\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b6\u09c7\u09b7\u09be\u0982\u09b6\u09c7 \u09b8\u09be\u09a6\u09be \u09b0\u0982 \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u099a\u09cb\u0996\u09c7\u09b0 \u099a\u09be\u09b0\u09aa\u09be\u09b6\u09c7 pigment \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7, \u09af\u09be \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0996\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2\u09cb\u0995\u09c7 \u0995\u09bf\u099b\u09c1 \u09b8\u09c1\u09ac\u09bf\u09a7\u09be \u09a6\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u0986\u09a7\u09c1\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u0986\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09cd\u099c\u09be\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 Simmental population-\u098f solid red \u0993 black Simmental-\u0993 \u0986\u099b\u09c7, \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09c7\u09b7\u09a4 \u0989\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0 \u0986\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u09ab\u09b2\u09c7 \u09b0\u0982 \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09c7 \u098f\u0995\u09be \u099c\u09be\u09a4 \u09ac\u09be genetic merit \u09a8\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u099a\u09bf\u09a4 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09a8\u09be\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"538\" height=\"371\" src=\"https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/images-18.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8994\" style=\"width:210px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/images-18.jpg 538w, https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/images-18-300x207.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 538px) 100vw, 538px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09b8\u09be\u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09a3 \u09ac\u09c8\u09b6\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09cd\u09af\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb \u09b9\u09b2\u09cb\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u09b2\u09ae\u09cd\u09ac\u09be, \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b6\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4 \u0993 \u0997\u09ad\u09c0\u09b0 \u09a6\u09c7\u09b9;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u09b9\u09be\u09a1\u09bc \u0993 \u09a6\u09c3\u09a2\u09bc \u09aa\u09be;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b6\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4 \u09ac\u09c1\u0995 \u0993 \u09aa\u09b6\u09cd\u099a\u09be\u09ce\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u09ad\u09be\u09b2\u09cb muscling;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u09a4\u09c1\u09b2\u09a8\u09be\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u0995 \u09b6\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09ad\u09be\u09ac, \u09af\u09a6\u09bf\u0993 individual temperament \u09ad\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u09b6\u09bf\u0982\u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u0993 genetically polled\u2014\u09a6\u09c1\u0987 \u09a7\u09b0\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b2\u09be\u0987\u09a8;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u09ab\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u0995\u09ad\u09bf \u0997\u09be\u09ad\u09c0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c3\u09a2\u09bc udder attachment \u0993 \u09af\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u0995 \u09a6\u09cb\u09b9\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0989\u09aa\u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09c0 teat placement \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u099a\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0997\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09af\u09bc\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u09ac\u09af\u09bc\u09b8\u09cd\u0995 \u0993\u099c\u09a8 line \u0993 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09aa\u09a8\u09be\u09b0 \u0993\u09aa\u09b0 \u0985\u09a8\u09c7\u0995 \u09ac\u09a6\u09b2\u09c7 \u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u0997\u09be\u09ad\u09c0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09ec\u09e6\u09e6\u2013\u09ee\u09e6\u09e6 \u0995\u09c7\u099c\u09bf \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09b7\u09be\u0981\u09a1\u09bc \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09ef\u09e6\u09e6\u2013\u09e7,\u09e9\u09e6\u09e6 \u0995\u09c7\u099c\u09bf \u09ac\u09be \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf \u09b9\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 Beef line \u09b8\u09be\u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09a4 \u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf \u09ad\u09be\u09b0\u09c0 \u0993 \u09aa\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf\u09ac\u09b9\u09c1\u09b2\u0964 \u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c0\u09ae\u09bf\u09a4 \u0996\u09be\u09a6\u09cd\u09af \u0993 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u099a\u09be\u09aa\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7 \u0987\u0989\u09b0\u09cb\u09aa\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u0993\u099c\u09a8 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b6\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09a0\u09bf\u0995 \u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u09ea. \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09b7 \u0995\u09c7\u09a8 \u098f\u0987 \u099c\u09be\u09a4 \u09aa\u09be\u09b2\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09ac\u09c7?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u098f\u0995 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a3\u09c0 \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u098f\u0995\u09be\u09a7\u09bf\u0995 \u0986\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c1\u09af\u09cb\u0997<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09c7\u09b7\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09bf\u09a4 \u09a6\u09c1\u0997\u09cd\u09a7\u099c\u09be\u09a4\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09b7 \u09ac\u09be\u099b\u09c1\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09be\u099c\u09be\u09b0\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af \u0985\u09a8\u09c7\u0995 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7 \u0995\u09ae \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u09ab\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u0995\u09ad\u09bf \u0997\u09be\u09ad\u09c0\u09b0 \u09aa\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09b7 \u09ac\u09be\u099b\u09c1\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09a4 \u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4 \u09ac\u09be\u09a1\u09bc\u09c7, \u09b6\u09b0\u09c0\u09b0\u09c7 \u09aa\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf \u09a4\u09c8\u09b0\u09bf \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 beef value \u09ad\u09be\u09b2\u09cb \u09b9\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u09ab\u09b2\u09c7 \u0996\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09b0 \u09a6\u09c1\u09a7\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09be\u09b6\u09be\u09aa\u09be\u09b6\u09bf \u09aa\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09b7 \u09ac\u09be\u099b\u09c1\u09b0, culled cow \u0993 beef-cross progeny \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u09ad\u09be\u09b2\u09cb \u0986\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c1\u09af\u09cb\u0997 \u09aa\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09b9\u09a3\u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09cd\u09af \u09a6\u09c1\u09a7 \u0993 \u09ad\u09be\u09b2\u09cb milk solids<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09b8\u09c1\u09b6\u09c3\u0999\u09cd\u0996\u09b2 \u0987\u0989\u09b0\u09cb\u09aa\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u09b0\u09c7\u0995\u09b0\u09cd\u09a1\u09c7\u09a1 herd-\u098f \u0986\u09a7\u09c1\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 Fleckvieh \u0997\u09be\u09ad\u09c0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09ed,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6\u2013\u09ef,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6 \u0995\u09c7\u099c\u09bf \u09ac\u09be \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf \u09a6\u09c1\u09a7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf standard lactation \u09a6\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 herd average, parity, \u09a6\u09c7\u09b6 \u0993 feeding system \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c0 \u09ab\u09b2 \u09ac\u09a6\u09b2\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u09b8\u09be\u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09a4 \u09a6\u09c1\u09a7\u09c7 fat \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09ea \u09b6\u09a4\u09be\u0982\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09be\u099b\u09be\u0995\u09be\u099b\u09bf \u098f\u09ac\u0982 protein \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09e9.\u09ea\u2013\u09e9.\u09ed \u09b6\u09a4\u09be\u0982\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u0989\u099a\u09cd\u099a genetic merit \u0993 intensive feeding-\u098f \u098f\u09b0 \u099a\u09c7\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf \u09ab\u09b2 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09ad\u09ac\u0964 \u0995\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1 \u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u09b0\u09c7\u0995\u09b0\u09cd\u09a1\u09c7\u09a1 crossbred \u0997\u09be\u09ad\u09c0\u09a4\u09c7 \u098f\u0987 \u09b8\u0982\u0996\u09cd\u09af\u09be \u09a8\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u099a\u09af\u09bc\u09a4\u09be \u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Holstein \u0985\u09a8\u09c7\u0995 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf \u09ae\u09cb\u099f \u09a6\u09c1\u09a7 \u09a6\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7; Fleckvieh-\u098f\u09b0 \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09a8\u09c8\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09b9\u09b2\u09cb milk solids, fertility, body condition, calf value \u098f\u09ac\u0982 cull value \u09ae\u09bf\u09b2\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 lifetime return\u0964 \u09af\u09c7 \u0996\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09c7\u09ac\u09b2 \u09a6\u09c8\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u09b2\u09bf\u099f\u09be\u09b0 \u09a8\u09af\u09bc, \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf \u0997\u09be\u09ad\u09c0\u09b0 \u09ae\u09cb\u099f \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8\u0995\u09be\u09b2\u09c0\u09a8 \u09b2\u09be\u09ad \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09be\u09ac \u0995\u09b0\u09c7, \u09b8\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u098f\u0987 \u09ad\u09be\u09b0\u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09cd\u09af \u0997\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4 \u09ac\u09c3\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf \u0993 \u09ad\u09be\u09b2\u09cb carcass<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09b8\u09bf\u09ae\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u09b2\/\u09ab\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u0995\u09ad\u09bf\u09b0 \u09ac\u09be\u099b\u09c1\u09b0 \u09af\u09a5\u09be\u09af\u09a5 \u09aa\u09c1\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09bf \u09aa\u09c7\u09b2\u09c7 \u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4 \u09ac\u09c3\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf \u09aa\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0964 beef system-\u098f sex, genotype \u0993 ration \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c0 \u09a6\u09c8\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u0993\u099c\u09a8 \u09ac\u09c3\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf \u09e7.\u09e6\u2013\u09e7.\u09eb \u0995\u09c7\u099c\u09bf \u09ac\u09be \u0995\u0996\u09a8\u09cb \u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf \u09b9\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 carcass yield \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09eb\u09eb\u2013\u09ec\u09e8 \u09b6\u09a4\u09be\u0982\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09b8\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09be \u09af\u09c7\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7; slaughter weight, age, gut fill, fatness \u098f\u09ac\u0982 yield \u0997\u09a3\u09a8\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09a4\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09ab\u09b2 \u09ac\u09a6\u09b2\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u099c\u09be\u09a4\u099f\u09bf\u09b0 \u09aa\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf, loin area \u0993 saleable meat \u09ad\u09be\u09b2\u09cb \u09b9\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u09af\u09bc beef crossing-\u098f \u099c\u09a8\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09c3\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac \u0993 \u09ac\u09be\u099b\u09c1\u09b0 \u09aa\u09be\u09b2\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09ae\u09a4\u09be<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Beef Simmental \u0997\u09be\u09ad\u09c0\u09b0 milk ability \u098f\u09ac\u0982 maternal instinct \u09b8\u09be\u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09a4 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b6\u09be\u09b2\u09c0\u0964 \u09ab\u09b2\u09c7 \u09ac\u09be\u099b\u09c1\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 weaning weight \u09ad\u09be\u09b2\u09cb \u09b9\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u09a4\u09ac\u09c7 \u0985\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 milk potential-\u098f\u09b0 \u0997\u09be\u09ad\u09c0 \u09af\u09a6\u09bf \u0985\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09aa\u09cd\u09a4 \u0996\u09be\u09a6\u09cd\u09af \u09aa\u09be\u09af\u09bc, body condition \u0995\u09ae\u09c7 \u09aa\u09c1\u09a8\u0983\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u099c\u09a8\u09a8 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b2\u09ae\u09cd\u09ac\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u201c\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf \u09a6\u09c1\u09a7\u201d \u09a4\u0996\u09a8\u0987 \u09b2\u09be\u09ad \u09af\u0996\u09a8 \u09aa\u09c1\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09bf \u09a6\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be \u09b8\u09ae\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u09b6\u09b0\u09c0\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09ae\u09a4\u09be \u0993 \u0995\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09ad\u09be\u09b2\u09cb genetics-\u098f \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u09aa\u09be-\u0996\u09c1\u09b0, \u09a6\u09c7\u09b9\u09c7\u09b0 reserve, fertility, udder health \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09a6\u09c0\u09b0\u09cd\u0998 productive life-\u098f\u09b0 \u0993\u09aa\u09b0 \u099c\u09cb\u09b0 \u09a6\u09c7\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u0964 Holstein-\u098f\u09b0 \u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7 crossing-\u098f\u09b0 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u0993 Fleckvieh \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09a3 \u09b9\u09b2\u09cb body strength, calf value \u0993 functional traits \u0989\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8\u09a4 \u0995\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 \u099a\u09c7\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u0964 \u09a4\u09ac\u09c7 crossbreeding \u09a8\u09bf\u099c\u09c7 \u099c\u09be\u09a6\u09c1 \u09a8\u09af\u09bc; \u09ad\u09c1\u09b2 sire \u09a8\u09bf\u09b2\u09c7 \u09ac\u09a1\u09bc \u09ac\u09be\u099b\u09c1\u09b0, \u0995\u09a0\u09bf\u09a8 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b8\u09ac \u09ac\u09be \u09a6\u09c1\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09b2 \u09ac\u09be\u099f\u09c7\u09b0 \u099d\u09c1\u0981\u0995\u09bf \u09ac\u09be\u09a1\u09bc\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u09ac\u09bf\u09ad\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u0985\u09ad\u09bf\u09af\u09cb\u099c\u09a8<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u099c\u09be\u09a4\u099f\u09bf \u09aa\u09be\u09b9\u09be\u09a1\u09bc\u09bf grazing \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 intensive barn\u2014\u09ac\u09bf\u09ad\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b2\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u0995\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1 \u201c\u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac\u099c\u09c1\u09a1\u09bc\u09c7 \u0986\u099b\u09c7\u201d \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u0987 tropical heat-\u098f \u0996\u09cb\u09b2\u09be \u09b0\u09cb\u09a6\u09c7 \u09b8\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09cb\u099a\u09cd\u099a \u09ab\u09b2 \u09a6\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7\u2014\u098f \u0995\u09a5\u09be \u09a0\u09bf\u0995 \u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u0964 Bos taurus \u09b9\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09a4\u09be\u09aa \u0993 \u0986\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u099a\u09be\u09aa \u098f\u09a1\u09bc\u09be\u09a4\u09c7 shade, ventilation, \u09aa\u09be\u09a8\u09bf \u098f\u09ac\u0982 cooling \u09a6\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b0\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u09eb. \u09a6\u09c1\u09a7 \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09a8<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09a6\u09c1\u09a7\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09a8\u09be \u09a4\u09bf\u09a8 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c7 \u09ac\u09cb\u099d\u09be \u0989\u099a\u09bf\u09a4\u0964 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae\u09a4, pure dairy\/dual-purpose Fleckvieh; \u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09bf\u09a4\u09c0\u09af\u09bc\u09a4, beef Simmental; \u09a4\u09c3\u09a4\u09c0\u09af\u09bc\u09a4, \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u09ac\u09be Holstein\/Sahiwal \u099c\u09be\u09a4\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7 crossbred progeny\u0964 \u09a4\u09bf\u09a8\u099f\u09bf\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b6\u09bf\u09a4 \u09a6\u09c1\u09a7 \u098f\u0995 \u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0989\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8\u09a4 Fleckvieh herd-\u098f \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae lactation-\u098f\u09b0 \u09a4\u09c1\u09b2\u09a8\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09aa\u09b0\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09c0 lactation-\u098f \u09a6\u09c1\u09a7 \u09ac\u09be\u09a1\u09bc\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u09e9\u09e6\u09eb \u09a6\u09bf\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 yield, fat kg, protein kg, somatic cell count, days open, calving interval \u098f\u09ac\u0982 persistency \u098f\u0995\u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7\u0964 \u0995\u09c7\u09ac\u09b2 peak milk \u09a6\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u0997\u09be\u09ad\u09c0\u09b0 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09a3 \u0995\u09b0\u09b2\u09c7 \u09ad\u09c1\u09b2 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7\u0964 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u0997\u09be\u09ad\u09c0 \u09e9\u09eb \u09b2\u09bf\u099f\u09be\u09b0 peak \u09a6\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u0993 \u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4 \u0995\u09ae\u09c7 \u09af\u09c7\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7; \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u099f\u09bf \u09e8\u09ed \u09b2\u09bf\u099f\u09be\u09b0 peak \u09a6\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c0\u09b0\u09cd\u0998\u09a6\u09bf\u09a8 \u09a7\u09b0\u09c7 \u09ad\u09be\u09b2\u09cb \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8 \u09a7\u09b0\u09c7 \u09b0\u09be\u0996\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf \u09b2\u09be\u09ad \u09a6\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7 \u0986\u09ae\u09a6\u09be\u09a8\u09bf\u0995\u09c3\u09a4 semen \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09b2\u09c7 \u09b8\u0982\u09b6\u09cd\u09b2\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u099f \u09ac\u09c1\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 dam \u09ac\u09be daughters-\u098f\u09b0 \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af \u09af\u09be\u099a\u09be\u0987 \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7\u0964 \u201c\u09ae\u09be \u09eb\u09e6 \u09b2\u09bf\u099f\u09be\u09b0 \u09a6\u09c1\u09a7 \u09a6\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u201d \u09a7\u09b0\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u0995\u09a5\u09be \u09af\u09a5\u09c7\u09b7\u09cd\u099f \u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u0995\u09cb\u09a8 lactation, \u0995\u09a4 \u09a6\u09bf\u09a8\u09c7, official recording \u099b\u09bf\u09b2 \u0995\u09bf \u09a8\u09be, fat-protein \u0995\u09a4, herd management \u0995\u09c7\u09ae\u09a8\u2014\u098f\u09b8\u09ac \u09a8\u09be \u099c\u09be\u09a8\u09b2\u09c7 \u09b8\u0982\u0996\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u099f\u09bf \u09ac\u09bf\u09ad\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u0995\u09b0\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u09ec. \u09ae\u09be\u0982\u09b8 \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09c8\u09b6\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09cd\u09af<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09b8\u09bf\u09ae\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u09b2 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac\u099c\u09c1\u09a1\u09bc\u09c7 beef crossbreeding-\u098f \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09c3\u09a4 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc \u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09a3 \u098f\u099f\u09bf growth \u098f\u09ac\u0982 muscling \u09af\u09cb\u0997 \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf \u09ac\u09be \u09a4\u09c1\u09b2\u09a8\u09be\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u0995 \u099b\u09cb\u099f \u0997\u09be\u09ad\u09c0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b8\u09b0\u09be\u09b8\u09b0\u09bf \u0985\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09a7\u09bf\u0995 birth-weight bull \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09be\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09aa\u099c\u09cd\u099c\u09a8\u0995\u0964 heifer-\u098f\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af calving-ease sire \u098f\u09ac\u0982 mature \u09ac\u09a1\u09bc \u0997\u09be\u09ad\u09c0\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af growth-oriented sire \u0986\u09b2\u09be\u09a6\u09be \u09b9\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u0989\u099a\u09bf\u09a4\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09ae\u09be\u0982\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0997\u09c1\u09a3\u09c7 tenderness, marbling \u0993 fat cover line \u098f\u09ac\u0982 feeding-\u098f\u09b0 \u0993\u09aa\u09b0 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 Simmental \u09b8\u09be\u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09a4 lean growth \u0993 yield-\u098f \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b6\u09be\u09b2\u09c0; marbling-focused \u09ac\u09be\u099c\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 \u0989\u09aa\u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 genetic line \u09ac\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 \u09a8\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7 \u09ac\u09be Angus-\u098f\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09cb \u099c\u09be\u09a4\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u0995\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09bf\u09a4 crossing \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09be\u099c\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 live weight, dressing percentage, \u09b9\u09be\u09a1\u09bc-\u09ae\u09be\u0982\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09aa\u09be\u09a4 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u0988\u09a6\u0995\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u0995 \u099a\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a6\u09be\u2014\u09b8\u09ac \u09ac\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u099a\u09cd\u09af\u0964 \u09b6\u09c1\u09a7\u09c1 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09be\u09b2 \u0986\u0995\u09be\u09b0 \u09b2\u09be\u09ad\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u099a\u09af\u09bc\u09a4\u09be \u09a8\u09af\u09bc; feed conversion \u0993 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09b0 \u09ac\u09af\u09bc\u09b8\u0987 \u09b2\u09be\u09ad \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09a3 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u09ed. \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u099c\u09a8\u09a8 \u0993 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b8\u09ac<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09ab\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u0995\u09ad\u09bf\u09b0 functional breeding programme-\u098f fertility \u0993 calving traits \u0997\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u0964 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0\u09aa\u09b0\u0993 \u09ac\u09a1\u09bc frame \u0993 \u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4 \u09ac\u09c3\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf\u09b0 genetics \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09ae\u0993\u099c\u09a8 \u09ac\u09be\u09a1\u09bc\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u09a4\u09be\u0987 AI sire \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u099a\u09a8\u09c7 \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09a4 \u09a8\u09bf\u099a\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af \u099a\u09be\u0987\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"408\" height=\"490\" src=\"https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/images-16.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8995\" style=\"width:139px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/images-16.jpg 408w, https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/images-16-250x300.jpg 250w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 408px) 100vw, 408px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>direct calving ease \u0993 maternal calving ease;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>birth weight breeding value\/EPD;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>gestation length;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>stillbirth \u09ac\u09be calf vitality index;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>daughter fertility;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>udder \u0993 teat score;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>mature size;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>inbreeding \u098f\u09ac\u0982 genetic defect status\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09ac\u09af\u09bc\u09b8 \u09a8\u09af\u09bc, live weight \u0993 skeletal development \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u099c\u09a8\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u0989\u099a\u09bf\u09a4\u0964 \u09ac\u09a1\u09bc \u099c\u09be\u09a4\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u0995\u09a8\u09be \u09b8\u09be\u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09a4 mature weight-\u098f\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09eb\u09eb\u2013\u09ec\u09e6 \u09b6\u09a4\u09be\u0982\u09b6\u09c7 breeding \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09ee\u09eb \u09b6\u09a4\u09be\u0982\u09b6\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae calving-\u098f\u09b0 \u09b2\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09cd\u09af \u09a7\u09b0\u09c7 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09aa\u09a8\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u0985\u09aa\u09c1\u09b7\u09cd\u099f \u09ac\u0995\u09a8\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u09a1\u09bc\u09be\u09a4\u09be\u09a1\u09bc\u09bf \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u099c\u09a8\u09a8 \u09a6\u09bf\u09b2\u09c7 dystocia, \u0995\u09ae \u09a6\u09c1\u09a7 \u0993 growth retardation \u09b9\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u0986\u09ac\u09be\u09b0 \u0985\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u09ae\u09cb\u099f\u09be \u09ac\u0995\u09a8\u09be\u09a4\u09c7\u0993 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b8\u09ac \u09b8\u09ae\u09b8\u09cd\u09af\u09be \u09ac\u09be\u09a1\u09bc\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0997\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b6\u09c7\u09b7 \u09a6\u09c1\u0987 \u09ae\u09be\u09b8\u09c7 \u09ad\u09cd\u09b0\u09c2\u09a3\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09c3\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf \u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u098f \u09b8\u09ae\u09af\u09bc body condition, mineral balance \u0993 exercise \u09a0\u09bf\u0995 \u09b0\u09be\u0996\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7\u0964 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b8\u09ac\u09c7\u09b0 \u0986\u0997\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u0995\u09be\u09b0 maternity pen, \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09bf\u09a4 \u0995\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u09c0 \u0993 \u09aa\u09b6\u09c1\u099a\u09bf\u0995\u09bf\u09ce\u09b8\u0995\u09c7\u09b0 \u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09be\u09af\u09cb\u0997 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1\u09a4 \u09b0\u09be\u0996\u09be \u099c\u09b0\u09c1\u09b0\u09bf\u0964 \u09aa\u09be\u09a8\u09bf \u09ad\u09be\u0999\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0 \u0985\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u0997\u09a4\u09bf \u09a8\u09be \u09b9\u09b2\u09c7 \u09ac\u09be \u0985\u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u0985\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8 \u09b8\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09c7\u09b9 \u09b9\u09b2\u09c7 \u0985\u09a8\u09ad\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09cb\u0997 \u09a8\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4 \u099a\u09bf\u0995\u09bf\u09ce\u09b8\u09be \u09a8\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u09ee. \u09ac\u09be\u099b\u09c1\u09b0 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09aa\u09a8\u09be<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae \u0995\u09be\u099c \u09b6\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09aa\u09a5 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u0995\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09be, \u09a8\u09be\u09ad\u09bf \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09be\u09a3\u09c1\u09ae\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4 \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09aa\u09cd\u09a4 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09ae\u09a4 colostrum \u0996\u09be\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u09a8\u09cb\u0964 \u09b2\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09cd\u09af \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae \u09a6\u09c1\u0987 \u0998\u09a3\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u09b6\u09b0\u09c0\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u0993\u099c\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09e7\u09e6 \u09b6\u09a4\u09be\u0982\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09be\u099b\u09be\u0995\u09be\u099b\u09bf \u09ad\u09be\u09b2\u09cb colostrum \u09a6\u09c7\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc; \u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae\u09be\u09a3 \u0993 \u09aa\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09a4\u09bf \u0996\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b6\u09c1\u099a\u09bf\u0995\u09bf\u09ce\u09b8\u09be \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u0995\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09a8\u09be \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c0 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7\u0964 Brix refractometer \u09a6\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 colostrum quality \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09e8\u09ea\u2013\u09ea\u09ee \u0998\u09a3\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u09af\u09bc serum total protein \u09a6\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 passive transfer \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09c7\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a3 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09ac\u09be\u099b\u09c1\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09ae\u0993\u099c\u09a8 \u09a8\u09a5\u09bf\u09ad\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7\u0964 \u09e9\u09e6, \u09ec\u09e6, \u09ef\u09e6 \u09a6\u09bf\u09a8 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 weaning-\u098f \u0993\u099c\u09a8 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b2\u09c7 sire-\u098f\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09c3\u09a4 \u09ab\u09b2 \u09ac\u09cb\u099d\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0964 starter intake \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09aa\u09cd\u09a4 \u09a8\u09be \u09b9\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u09b6\u09c1\u09a7\u09c1 \u09ac\u09af\u09bc\u09b8 \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c1\u09a7 \u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u0989\u099a\u09bf\u09a4 \u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u0995\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09be\u09a8\u09bf, \u09b6\u09c1\u0995\u09a8\u09cb \u09ac\u09bf\u099b\u09be\u09a8\u09be, \u09ac\u09be\u09a4\u09be\u09b8 \u099a\u09b2\u09be\u099a\u09b2, scours \u0993 pneumonia \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0\u09cb\u09a7 \u0985\u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09b9\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u09ef. \u0996\u09be\u09a6\u09cd\u09af \u0993 \u09aa\u09c1\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09bf \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09aa\u09a8\u09be<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09ac\u09a1\u09bc \u09a6\u09c7\u09b9 \u0993 \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09ae\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09c7 \u098f\u0987 \u099c\u09be\u09a4\u09c7\u09b0 maintenance \u0993 production nutrient requirement \u0995\u09ae \u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u201c\u0998\u09be\u09b8 \u0996\u09c7\u09b2\u09c7\u0987 \u0985\u09a8\u09c7\u0995 \u09a6\u09c1\u09a7 \u0993 \u09ae\u09be\u0982\u09b8 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7\u201d\u2014\u098f \u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09be \u09ad\u09c1\u09b2\u0964 ration \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7 dry matter intake, metabolizable energy, crude protein, effective fibre, starch, sugar, mineral \u098f\u09ac\u0982 vitamin-\u098f\u09b0 \u09ad\u09be\u09b0\u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u09a6\u09c1\u09a7\u09c7\u09b0 \u0997\u09be\u09ad\u09c0<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09ad\u09be\u09b2\u09cb \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u099a\u09bf \u09b8\u09ac\u09c1\u099c \u0998\u09be\u09b8, maize silage, hay\/\u0996\u09a1\u09bc, protein source, energy concentrate, mineral mix \u0993 \u09b2\u09ac\u09a3 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u09ae\u09cb\u099f ration-\u098f \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09aa\u09cd\u09a4 physically effective fibre \u09a8\u09be \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09b2\u09c7 acidosis, low milk fat, laminitis \u0993 feed intake \u0995\u09ae\u09be\u09b0 \u099d\u09c1\u0981\u0995\u09bf \u09ac\u09be\u09a1\u09bc\u09c7\u0964 \u0986\u09ac\u09be\u09b0 \u0985\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u09ae\u09cb\u099f\u09be \u0986\u0981\u09b6\u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u09a8\u09bf\u09ae\u09cd\u09a8\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0996\u09be\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 rumen \u09ad\u09b0\u09c7 \u0997\u09c7\u09b2\u09c7\u0993 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u0998\u09be\u099f\u09a4\u09bf \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Transition period\u2014\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b8\u09ac\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a4\u09bf\u09a8 \u09b8\u09aa\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u09b9 \u0986\u0997\u09c7 \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u09a4\u09bf\u09a8 \u09b8\u09aa\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u09b9 \u09aa\u09b0\u09c7\u2014\u09b8\u09ac\u099a\u09c7\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u099d\u09c1\u0981\u0995\u09bf\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u0964 dry cow ration, calcium-phosphorus-magnesium balance, DCAD strategy, body condition \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09a7\u09c0\u09b0\u09c7 concentrate adaptation \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u0995\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u0989\u099a\u09bf\u09a4\u0964 \u09a6\u09c1\u09a7\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae\u09be\u09a3 \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c0 concentrate \u09a6\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7; \u09b8\u09ac\u09be\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u098f\u0995\u0987 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae\u09be\u09a3 \u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u09ac\u09be\u09a1\u09bc\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u0993 \u09ae\u09cb\u099f\u09be\u09a4\u09be\u099c\u09be\u0995\u09b0\u09a3 \u0997\u09b0\u09c1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09b6\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09c7 forage-based grower ration, \u09aa\u09b0\u09c7 \u09ac\u09be\u099c\u09be\u09b0 \u0993 \u09b2\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09cd\u09af \u0993\u099c\u09a8 \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c0 energy density \u09ac\u09be\u09a1\u09bc\u09be\u09a8\u09cb \u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0964 concentrate \u09b9\u09a0\u09be\u09ce \u09ac\u09be\u09a1\u09bc\u09be\u09b2\u09c7 acidosis \u0993 bloat \u09b9\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09a4 \u09e7\u09e6\u2013\u09e7\u09ea \u09a6\u09bf\u09a8\u09c7 \u09a7\u09c0\u09b0\u09c7 \u0985\u09ad\u09bf\u09af\u09cb\u099c\u09a8, \u09a6\u09bf\u09a8\u09c7 \u098f\u0995\u09be\u09a7\u09bf\u0995\u09ac\u09be\u09b0 \u0996\u09be\u09a6\u09cd\u09af, \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u0995\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09be\u09a8\u09bf \u098f\u09ac\u0982 feed bunk management \u099c\u09b0\u09c1\u09b0\u09bf\u0964 \u0987\u0989\u09b0\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u09ac\u09be NPN \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09c7\u09b7\u099c\u09cd\u099e formulation \u099b\u09be\u09a1\u09bc\u09be \u099d\u09c1\u0981\u0995\u09bf \u09a8\u09c7\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u0989\u099a\u09bf\u09a4 \u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u09aa\u09be\u09a8\u09bf<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0989\u099a\u09cd\u099a \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8\u09b6\u09c0\u09b2 \u0997\u09be\u09ad\u09c0\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ac\u099a\u09c7\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u0985\u09ac\u09b9\u09c7\u09b2\u09bf\u09a4 \u09aa\u09c1\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09bf \u09b9\u09b2\u09cb \u09aa\u09be\u09a8\u09bf\u0964 \u0997\u09b0\u09ae\u09c7 milk yield \u0993 dry matter intake \u09a7\u09b0\u09c7 \u09b0\u09be\u0996\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09be\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a3 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u0995\u09be\u09b0, \u09a0\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a1\u09be \u0993 \u09b8\u09b9\u099c\u09b2\u09ad\u09cd\u09af \u09aa\u09be\u09a8\u09bf \u099a\u09be\u0987\u0964 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09a6\u09c1\u0997\u09cd\u09a7 \u0997\u09be\u09ad\u09c0\u09b0 \u09a6\u09c8\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u09aa\u09be\u09a8\u09bf\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09cb\u099c\u09a8 \u0986\u09ac\u09b9\u09be\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u0993 \u09a6\u09c1\u09a7 \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c0 \u09ec\u09e6\u2013\u09e7\u09e8\u09e6 \u09b2\u09bf\u099f\u09be\u09b0 \u09ac\u09be \u09a4\u09be\u09b0\u0993 \u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf \u09b9\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u09aa\u09be\u09a8\u09bf\u09b0 flow rate \u0993 trough space \u0995\u09ae \u09b9\u09b2\u09c7 \u09ad\u09be\u09b2\u09cb ration \u09a6\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u0993 \u09ab\u09b2 \u0995\u09ae\u09ac\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u09e7\u09e6. \u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8 \u0993 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u099a\u09be\u09aa \u09a8\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09a3<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09b8\u09bf\u09ae\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u09b2\/\u09ab\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u0995\u09ad\u09bf \u0987\u0989\u09b0\u09cb\u09aa\u09c0\u09af\u09bc Bos taurus; \u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u0997\u09b0\u09ae-\u0986\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7 heat stress \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a7\u09be\u09a8 \u09b8\u09c0\u09ae\u09be\u09ac\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09a4\u09be\u0964 \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u099a\u09be\u09aa\u09c7 \u09b9\u09be\u0981\u09aa\u09be\u09a8\u09cb, \u09b2\u09be\u09b2\u09be \u099d\u09b0\u09be, \u09a6\u09be\u0981\u09a1\u09bc\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09be, feed intake \u0995\u09ae\u09be, milk drop, silent heat, conception \u0995\u09ae\u09be \u098f\u09ac\u0982 embryo loss \u09b9\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"531\" height=\"376\" src=\"https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/images-15.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8996\" style=\"width:188px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/images-15.jpg 531w, https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/images-15-300x212.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 531px) 100vw, 531px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09cb\u099c\u09a8\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac-\u09aa\u09b6\u09cd\u099a\u09bf\u09ae\u09ae\u09c1\u0996\u09c0 \u0989\u0981\u099a\u09c1 \u099b\u09be\u09a6 \u0993 \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09aa\u09cd\u09a4 \u099b\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09be;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ridge ventilation \u0993 \u0996\u09cb\u09b2\u09be sidewall;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>holding area \u0993 feed bunk-\u098f fan;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0989\u09aa\u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 interval-\u098f sprinkler\/soaker \u098f\u09ac\u0982 fan; \u09b6\u09c1\u09a7\u09c1 \u0995\u09c1\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u09b6\u09be\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09cb mist \u09a6\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u0986\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09be \u09ac\u09be\u09a1\u09bc\u09be\u09a8\u09cb \u09a8\u09af\u09bc;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09aa\u09cd\u09a4 \u09aa\u09be\u09a8\u09bf\u09b0 \u09aa\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u099f;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u09ad\u09bf\u09a1\u09bc \u0995\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09cb;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u09a6\u09bf\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a0\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a1\u09be \u09b8\u09ae\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 feeding;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u09b6\u09c1\u0995\u09a8\u09cb, non-slip floor \u0993 \u0986\u09b0\u09be\u09ae\u09a6\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0995 \u09b6\u09cb\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u09b0 \u099c\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0997\u09be;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>THI \u0993 respiration rate \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09c7\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a3\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09ae\u09cb\u099f\u09be, \u0995\u09be\u09b2\u09cb \u09ac\u09be \u0997\u09be\u09a2\u09bc \u09b0\u0999\u09c7\u09b0 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u0989\u099a\u09cd\u099a \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8\u09b6\u09c0\u09b2 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a3\u09c0 \u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf heat load \u09ac\u09b9\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7 crossbred \u09aa\u09b6\u09c1 \u0985\u09a8\u09c7\u0995 \u09b8\u09ae\u09af\u09bc pure European animal-\u098f\u09b0 \u099a\u09c7\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac\u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09ae\u09a4\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u09e7\u09e7. \u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09cd\u09af\u099d\u09c1\u0981\u0995\u09bf \u0993 \u09b0\u09cb\u0997\u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09aa\u09a8\u09be<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u099c\u09be\u09a4\u099f\u09bf \u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb \u09b0\u09cb\u0997 \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u099c\u09be\u09a6\u09c1\u0995\u09b0\u09bf\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09ae\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u0996\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 FMD, LSD, HS, BQ, brucellosis, mastitis, tick-borne disease, internal parasite, pneumonia \u098f\u09ac\u0982 reproductive disease\u2014\u098f\u09b2\u09be\u0995\u09be\u09ad\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u099d\u09c1\u0981\u0995\u09bf \u09ac\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u099a\u09a8\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7\u0964 \u09b8\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09bf \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09a8\u09be \u0993 \u09a8\u09bf\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf\u09a4 \u09aa\u09b6\u09c1\u099a\u09bf\u0995\u09bf\u09ce\u09b8\u0995\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u0995\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09a8\u09be\u09af\u09bc vaccination, deworming \u098f\u09ac\u0982 biosecurity calendar \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"575\" src=\"https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/3-Fleckvieh-has-given-Greg-and-Vikki-Templetonmore-flexibility-to-alter-the-direction-of-th-1024x575-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8997\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1.7808996352829933;width:378px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/3-Fleckvieh-has-given-Greg-and-Vikki-Templetonmore-flexibility-to-alter-the-direction-of-th-1024x575-1.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/3-Fleckvieh-has-given-Greg-and-Vikki-Templetonmore-flexibility-to-alter-the-direction-of-th-1024x575-1-300x168.jpg 300w, https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/3-Fleckvieh-has-given-Greg-and-Vikki-Templetonmore-flexibility-to-alter-the-direction-of-th-1024x575-1-768x431.jpg 768w, https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/3-Fleckvieh-has-given-Greg-and-Vikki-Templetonmore-flexibility-to-alter-the-direction-of-th-1024x575-1-500x280.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09ac\u09a1\u09bc \u0993 \u0989\u099a\u09cd\u099a \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8\u09b6\u09c0\u09b2 \u0997\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09c7\u09b7\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09a8\u099c\u09b0 \u09b0\u09be\u0996\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>clinical\/subclinical mastitis;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>milk fever \u0993 subclinical hypocalcaemia;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ketosis \u0993 fatty liver;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ruminal acidosis \u0993 displaced abomasum;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>lameness, sole ulcer \u0993 digital dermatitis;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>retained placenta \u0993 metritis;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>heat stress\u2013\u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u0995\u09bf\u09a4 infertility;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>calf diarrhoea \u0993 respiratory disease\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bulk tank SCC, individual cow SCC, mastitis culture, locomotion score, body condition score, rumination \u098f\u09ac\u0982 reproductive records \u09b0\u09cb\u0997\u09c7\u09b0 \u0986\u0997\u09be\u09ae \u09b8\u0982\u0995\u09c7\u09a4 \u09a6\u09c7\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u0985\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u099f\u09bf\u09ac\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09cb\u099f\u09bf\u0995 \u0995\u09c7\u09ac\u09b2 \u09aa\u09b6\u09c1\u099a\u09bf\u0995\u09bf\u09ce\u09b8\u0995\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09be\u09ae\u09b0\u09cd\u09b6\u09c7 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09be\u09b0 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 meat\/milk withdrawal period \u0995\u09a0\u09cb\u09b0\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u09e7\u09e8. \u09ac\u09be\u099f, \u09aa\u09be-\u0996\u09c1\u09b0 \u0993 \u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09ad\u09be\u09ac<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Fleckvieh breeding-\u098f udder \u0993 feet-and-legs selection \u0989\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8\u09a4 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7, \u0995\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1 sire variation \u09ac\u09a1\u09bc\u0964 \u0985\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u09a8\u09bf\u099a\u09c1 \u09ac\u09be\u099f, \u09a6\u09c1\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09b2 central ligament, \u0985\u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 teat placement \u09ac\u09be \u09ac\u09a1\u09bc teat \u09af\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u0995 \u09a6\u09cb\u09b9\u09a8\u09c7 \u09b8\u09ae\u09b8\u09cd\u09af\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 semen catalogue-\u098f udder index-\u098f\u09b0 \u09aa\u09be\u09b6\u09be\u09aa\u09be\u09b6\u09bf fore udder attachment, rear udder height, udder depth, teat length \u0993 placement \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09ac\u09a1\u09bc \u09a6\u09c7\u09b9\u09c7\u09b0 \u0997\u09b0\u09c1\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af slippery floor \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a4\u09bf\u0995\u09b0\u0964 rubber mat \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09b2\u09c7\u0987 \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u09a7\u09be\u09a8 \u09a8\u09af\u09bc; \u0997\u09cb\u09ac\u09b0 \u0985\u09aa\u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09a3, groove, alley slope, hoof trimming \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09aa\u09cd\u09a4 lying time \u09a6\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b0\u0964 \u09b6\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u099c\u09be\u09a4 \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u099a\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u09b2\u09c7\u0993 \u09b7\u09be\u0981\u09a1\u09bc \u09b8\u09ac\u09b8\u09ae\u09af\u09bc \u09ac\u09bf\u09aa\u099c\u09cd\u099c\u09a8\u0995\u0964 breeding bull-\u098f\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 enclosure, escape route \u0993 trained handler \u0985\u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09b9\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u0964 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09b7\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b9\u09be\u09a4\u09c7 \u09ac\u09a1\u09bc \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b6\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u09b7\u09be\u0981\u09a1\u09bc\u0995\u09c7\u0993 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09be\u09aa\u09a6 \u09a7\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a8\u09c7\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09a8\u09be\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u09e7\u09e9. Crossbreeding-\u098f \u09ad\u09c2\u09ae\u09bf\u0995\u09be<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Holstein \u00d7 Fleckvieh<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09b2\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09cd\u09af \u09b9\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 body strength, fertility, calf value, beef value \u098f\u09ac\u0982 heterosis \u09aa\u09be\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u0964 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09ae\u09c7 \u0995\u09bf\u099b\u09c1 \u0996\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09b0 functional improvement \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7, \u09a4\u09ac\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c1\u09a7\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09cb\u099a\u09cd\u099a peak \u0995\u09ae\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 F1-\u098f\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0 \u0995\u09c0 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7\u2014backcross, rotation, \u09a8\u09be composite\u2014\u0986\u0997\u09c7\u0987 \u09a0\u09bf\u0995 \u09a8\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09b2\u09c7 herd \u0985\u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u099e\u09cd\u099c\u09b8\u09cd\u09af\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf\/\u099c\u09c7\u09ac\u09c1 \u00d7 Simmental\/Fleckvieh<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u0997\u09b0\u09c1\u09b0 heat tolerance \u0993 disease adaptation-\u098f\u09b0 \u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7 Simmental-\u098f\u09b0 growth \u09ac\u09be milk \u09af\u09cb\u0997 \u0995\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09a8\u09be \u0986\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u0995\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1 \u099b\u09cb\u099f \u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf \u09ac\u0995\u09a8\u09be\u09af\u09bc high-birth-weight semen \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u0989\u099a\u09bf\u09a4 \u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae\u09c7 mature cow size, pelvic capacity, nutritional plane \u098f\u09ac\u0982 sire calving-ease data \u09ac\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u099a\u09a8\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7\u0964 \u09eb\u09e6 \u09b6\u09a4\u09be\u0982\u09b6 exotic blood \u09a6\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09b6\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09ae\u09be\u09a0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ab\u09b2\u2014survival, fertility, milk, growth \u0993 veterinary cost\u2014\u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae\u09be\u09aa \u0995\u09b0\u09be\u0987 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09be\u09aa\u09a6\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Brahman \u00d7 Simmental<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac\u09c7\u09b0 \u0989\u09b7\u09cd\u09a3 \u0985\u099e\u09cd\u099a\u09b2\u09c7 Simbrah type cattle \u09a4\u09c8\u09b0\u09bf \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 Simmental-\u098f\u09b0 growth \u0993 maternal ability \u098f\u09ac\u0982 Brahman-\u098f\u09b0 heat\/tick adaptation \u098f\u0995\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u0964 \u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09be\u099f\u09bf \u0986\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09b9\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b9\u09b2\u09c7\u0993 \u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb \u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf \u09ab\u09b2 \u09b8\u09b0\u09be\u09b8\u09b0\u09bf \u0995\u09aa\u09bf \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09a8\u09be\u0964 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8\u09c0\u09af\u09bc disease challenge, feed resources \u098f\u09ac\u0982 market weight \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c0 controlled evaluation \u09a6\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b0\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u09e7\u09ea. \u099c\u09c7\u09a8\u09c7\u099f\u09bf\u0995 \u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u099f\u09bf \u0993 \u09ac\u09c0\u099c \u0995\u09c7\u09a8\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09a4\u09b0\u09cd\u0995\u09a4\u09be<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Simmental population-\u098f \u09ac\u09bf\u09ad\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 recessive genetic condition \u099a\u09bf\u09b9\u09cd\u09a8\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7; \u0995\u09cb\u09a8 defect \u0997\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3 \u09a4\u09be population \u0993 lineage \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c0 \u09ac\u09a6\u09b2\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u099a\u09bf\u09a4 \u0989\u09a6\u09be\u09b9\u09b0\u09a3\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 arachnomelia \u098f\u09ac\u0982 thrombopathia-\u098f\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09cb \u0985\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be \u0986\u09b2\u09cb\u099a\u09bf\u09a4\u0964 carrier \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a3\u09c0 \u09b8\u09ac\u09b8\u09ae\u09af\u09bc \u0985\u09b8\u09c1\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5 \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09a8\u09be; carrier \u00d7 carrier mating-\u098f \u0986\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u09ac\u09be\u099b\u09c1\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09ae\u09be\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u09a4\u09be\u0987 \u09a8\u09bf\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf\u09a4 AI company \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 DNA-tested bull, pedigree \u098f\u09ac\u0982 defect status \u09a8\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"516\" height=\"387\" src=\"https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/images-11.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8998\" style=\"width:371px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/images-11.jpg 516w, https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/images-11-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 516px) 100vw, 516px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09ac\u09c0\u099c \u0995\u09c7\u09a8\u09be\u09b0 \u0986\u0997\u09c7 \u099a\u09c7\u0995\u09b2\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>bull-\u098f\u09b0 \u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3 registration number;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0995\u09cb\u09a8 herdbook \u0993 \u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 evaluation;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>dairy, dual-purpose \u09a8\u09be beef line;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>genomic \u09a8\u09be daughter-proven \u098f\u09ac\u0982 reliability \u0995\u09a4;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>calving ease \u0993 birth weight;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>milk, fat \u0993 protein kg;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>daughter fertility, SCC\/udder health \u0993 longevity;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>udder, teat, feet-leg \u0993 temperament;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>polled status;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>genetic defect test;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>semen import permit, health certificate \u0993 cold-chain;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u098f\u0995\u0987 sire \u0985\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 inbreeding \u09b9\u099a\u09cd\u099b\u09c7 \u0995\u09bf \u09a8\u09be\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09b6\u09c1\u09a7\u09c1 \u099b\u09ac\u09bf, \u09b0\u0982, \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09be\u09b2 \u09b7\u09be\u0981\u09a1\u09bc\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ad\u09bf\u09a1\u09bf\u0993 \u09ac\u09be \u201cA2A2\u201d \u09b2\u09c7\u0996\u09be \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09c7 \u09ac\u09c0\u099c \u0995\u09c7\u09a8\u09be \u0989\u099a\u09bf\u09a4 \u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u0964 A2A2 beta-casein status \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09a6\u09c1\u09a7\u09c7\u09b0 protein genotype; \u098f\u099f\u09bf \u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf \u09a6\u09c1\u09a7, \u09b0\u09cb\u0997\u09ae\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09ac\u09be \u09b8\u09ac \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09b7\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u099a\u09bf\u0995\u09bf\u09ce\u09b8\u09be\u0997\u09a4 \u09b8\u09c1\u09ac\u09bf\u09a7\u09be\u09b0 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u099a\u09af\u09bc\u09a4\u09be \u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u09e7\u09eb. \u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09a8\u09c8\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09be\u09ac<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09b8\u09bf\u09ae\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u09b2\/\u09ab\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u0995\u09ad\u09bf \u09b2\u09be\u09ad\u099c\u09a8\u0995 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7 \u0995\u09bf \u09a8\u09be, \u09a4\u09be \u099c\u09be\u09a4\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a8\u09be\u09ae \u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u2014\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf \u0995\u09c7\u099c\u09bf \u09a6\u09c1\u09a7 \u09ac\u09be \u0993\u099c\u09a8 \u09ac\u09c3\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf\u09b0 \u0996\u09b0\u099a \u098f\u09ac\u0982 lifetime return \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09a3 \u0995\u09b0\u09ac\u09c7\u0964 \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09be\u09ac\u09c7\u09b0 \u0996\u09be\u09a4\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb \u09b9\u09b2\u09cb\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09af\u09bc:<\/strong> \u09ac\u0995\u09a8\u09be\/\u0997\u09be\u09ad\u09c0 \u09ac\u09be semen, \u0996\u09be\u09a6\u09cd\u09af, \u0998\u09be\u09b8 \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8, \u09b6\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae, \u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09c1\u09ce \u0993 cooling, \u099a\u09bf\u0995\u09bf\u09ce\u09b8\u09be, AI, housing depreciation, \u09b8\u09c1\u09a6, mortality \u098f\u09ac\u0982 replacement\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0986\u09af\u09bc:<\/strong> \u09a6\u09c1\u09a7, fat-protein premium \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09b2\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af, \u09ac\u09be\u099b\u09c1\u09b0, breeding stock, live-weight gain, manure\/biogas \u098f\u09ac\u0982 cull cow value\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09b8\u09b9\u099c \u09b8\u09c2\u099a\u0995:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u09a6\u09c8\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u099c\u09bf\u09a8 = \u09a6\u09c1\u09a7 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09b0 \u0986\u09af\u09bc + \u09ac\u09be\u099b\u09c1\u09b0\/\u09ae\u09be\u0982\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09b0\u09be\u09a6\u09cd\u09a6\u0995\u09c3\u09a4 \u0986\u09af\u09bc \u2212 \u09a6\u09c8\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 feed cost \u2212 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8\u09b6\u09c0\u09b2 \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09af\u09bc\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0995\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1 \u099a\u09c2\u09a1\u09bc\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u09b8\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af lifetime \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09be\u09ac \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7\u0964 \u09af\u09c7 \u0997\u09be\u09ad\u09c0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae lactation-\u098f \u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf \u09a6\u09c1\u09a7 \u09a6\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09ac\u09be\u09a6 \u09aa\u09a1\u09bc\u09c7, \u09b8\u09c7 \u0995\u09ae peak milk \u0995\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1 \u09aa\u09be\u0981\u099a\u099f\u09bf lactation \u09a6\u09c7\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u0997\u09be\u09ad\u09c0\u09b0 \u099a\u09c7\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u0995\u09ae \u09b2\u09be\u09ad\u099c\u09a8\u0995 \u09b9\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 Fleckvieh-\u098f\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09c3\u09a4 \u09b8\u09c1\u09ac\u09bf\u09a7\u09be \u09af\u09be\u099a\u09be\u0987 \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u098f\u0995\u0987 \u0996\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 contemporary Holstein-cross \u09ac\u09be \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09af group-\u098f\u09b0 \u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7 \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09a4 \u09a4\u09bf\u09a8 \u09ac\u099b\u09b0 \u09a4\u09c1\u09b2\u09a8\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09a6\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b0\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u09e7\u09ec. \u0995\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u0989\u09aa\u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09c0?<\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"750\" height=\"563\" src=\"https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/5-10-2015-051.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8999\" style=\"width:250px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/5-10-2015-051.jpg 750w, https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/5-10-2015-051-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u098f\u0987 \u099c\u09be\u09a4 \u09ac\u09be \u098f\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u0995\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09bf\u09a4 cross \u0989\u09aa\u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09c0 \u09b9\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u09af\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf \u09a6\u09c1\u09a7\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7 \u09aa\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09b7 \u09ac\u09be\u099b\u09c1\u09b0 \u0993 cull value \u099a\u09be\u09a8;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u09a8\u09bf\u099c\u09b8\u09cd\u09ac \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09ae\u09a4 forage \u0993 silage \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>milk recording \u0993 \u0993\u099c\u09a8 \u09b0\u09c7\u0995\u09b0\u09cd\u09a1 \u09b0\u09be\u0996\u09c7\u09a8;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>cooling, \u09aa\u09be\u09a8\u09bf, biosecurity \u0993 veterinary support \u09a6\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>pure exotic \u0986\u09ae\u09a6\u09be\u09a8\u09bf\u09b0 \u09ac\u09a6\u09b2\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09c0\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09bf\u09a4 semen \u09a6\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09a7\u09c0\u09b0\u09c7 herd \u0989\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u099a\u09be\u09a8;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>beef \u0993 dairy\u2014\u09a6\u09c1\u0987 \u09ac\u09be\u099c\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09be\u09a7\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09b0 \u0986\u099b\u09c7\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0995\u09ae \u0989\u09aa\u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09c0 \u09b9\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u09af\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09be \u09ac\u099b\u09b0 \u09a8\u09bf\u09ae\u09cd\u09a8\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0996\u09a1\u09bc\u0987 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a7\u09be\u09a8 \u0996\u09be\u09a6\u09cd\u09af;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0997\u09b0\u09ae\u09c7 shade, fan, \u09aa\u09be\u09a8\u09bf \u0993 drainage \u09a8\u09c7\u0987;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u099b\u09cb\u099f \u09ac\u0995\u09a8\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09bf\u099a\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 heavy-calf semen \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb \u09b0\u09c7\u0995\u09b0\u09cd\u09a1 \u09b0\u09be\u0996\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc \u09a8\u09be;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u09b6\u09c1\u09a7\u09c1 \u201c\u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09be\u09b2 \u0997\u09b0\u09c1\u201d \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09c7 \u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4 \u09b2\u09be\u09ad\u09c7\u09b0 \u0986\u09b6\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09ac\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09cb\u0997 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b9\u099a\u09cd\u099b\u09c7;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u09a8\u09bf\u0995\u099f\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09c0 AI, veterinarian \u0993 emergency calving support \u09a8\u09c7\u0987\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u09e7\u09ed. \u0996\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09b0 \u09b6\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09b0 \u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac \u09b0\u09c2\u09aa\u09b0\u09c7\u0996\u09be<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae\u09c7 \u09eb\u2013\u09e7\u09e6\u099f\u09bf \u0989\u09aa\u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 mature \u0997\u09be\u09ad\u09c0\u09a4\u09c7 proven calving-ease Fleckvieh semen \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 pilot \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u0964 \u098f\u0995\u0987 \u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7 control group \u09b0\u09be\u0996\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7\u0964 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09ae \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u099f\u09bf \u09ac\u09be\u099b\u09c1\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 ID, sire, dam, birth weight, calving difficulty, \u09b0\u09cb\u0997, monthly weight, first service, conception, calving interval, \u09e9\u09e6\u09eb \u09a6\u09bf\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 milk, fat-protein, SCC \u098f\u09ac\u0982 feed cost \u09b2\u09bf\u0996\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ac \u09ae\u09c7\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09b0\u09c7\u0996\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c7\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u0989\u099a\u09bf\u09a4 \u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u09af\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09be-\u0996\u09c1\u09b0, temperament, heat response, fertility, udder \u0993 production \u09ad\u09be\u09b2\u09cb\u2014\u09b6\u09c1\u09a7\u09c1 \u09a4\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 replacement \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u0989\u099a\u09bf\u09a4\u0964 \u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09bf\u09a4\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09ae\u09c7 sire \u09af\u09c7\u09a8 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae sire-\u098f\u09b0 \u0998\u09a8\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u09a0 \u0986\u09a4\u09cd\u09ae\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u09a8\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u0996\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 breeding objective \u09b2\u09bf\u0996\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u09a6\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b0: \u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf \u09a6\u09c1\u09a7, \u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf beef, \u09a8\u09be balanced dual-purpose\u2014\u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u099f\u09bf\u09b0 \u0993\u099c\u09a8 \u0995\u09a4?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u09e7\u09ee. \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u099a\u09b2\u09bf\u09a4 \u09ad\u09c1\u09b2 \u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09be<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u201c\u09ab\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u0995\u09ad\u09bf \u09b8\u09ac\u09b8\u09ae\u09af\u09bc \u09b9\u09b2\u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u09c7\u0987\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u099a\u09c7\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf \u09a6\u09c1\u09a7 \u09a6\u09c7\u09af\u09bc\u201d<\/strong>\u2014\u09b8\u09a0\u09bf\u0995 \u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09c7\u09b7\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09bf\u09a4 high-input herd-\u098f Holstein \u09b8\u09be\u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09a4 \u09ae\u09cb\u099f \u09a6\u09c1\u09a7\u09c7 \u098f\u0997\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u201c\u09b8\u09bf\u09ae\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u09b2 \u0993 \u09ab\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u0995\u09ad\u09bf \u09b6\u09a4\u09ad\u09be\u0997 \u098f\u0995\u0987\u201d<\/strong>\u2014\u0990\u09a4\u09bf\u09b9\u09be\u09b8\u09bf\u0995\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u098f\u0995\u0987 breed family; \u0995\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1 \u0986\u09a7\u09c1\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 selection goal \u0993 population \u09ad\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u09b9\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u201c\u09ac\u09a1\u09bc \u0997\u09b0\u09c1 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u0987 \u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf \u09b2\u09be\u09ad\u201d<\/strong>\u2014\u09ac\u09a1\u09bc \u0997\u09b0\u09c1\u09b0 maintenance feed-\u0993 \u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf\u0964 \u09ac\u09be\u099c\u09be\u09b0 \u0993 feed efficiency \u09a8\u09be \u09ae\u09bf\u09b2\u09b2\u09c7 \u09b2\u09cb\u0995\u09b8\u09be\u09a8 \u09b9\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u201c\u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf \u0997\u09b0\u09c1 \u09b0\u09cb\u0997 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc \u09a8\u09be\u201d<\/strong>\u2014\u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb \u099c\u09be\u09a4\u0987 biosecurity \u0993 vaccination-\u098f\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa \u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u201cCross \u0995\u09b0\u09b2\u09c7\u0987 \u09b8\u09ac \u09ad\u09be\u09b2\u09cb \u0997\u09c1\u09a3 \u0986\u09b8\u09ac\u09c7\u201d<\/strong>\u2014\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09ae\u09c7 heterosis \u09b8\u09c1\u09ac\u09bf\u09a7\u09be \u09b9\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7, \u0995\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1 sire selection, maternal size \u0993 \u09aa\u09b0\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09c0 mating plan \u099b\u09be\u09a1\u09bc\u09be \u09ab\u09b2 \u0985\u09a8\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u099a\u09bf\u09a4\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u201cA2A2 \u09b9\u09b2\u09c7\u0987 \u09a6\u09c1\u09a7 \u0994\u09b7\u09a7\u09bf\u201d<\/strong>\u2014\u098f \u09a6\u09be\u09ac\u09bf \u09ac\u09c8\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09bf\u0995\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u0985\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0\u099e\u09cd\u099c\u09bf\u09a4\u0964 \u098f\u099f\u09bf \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u099f protein genotype; \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u0995 \u09a6\u09c1\u09a7\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09be\u09aa\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09be \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09cd\u09af, hygiene, residue control \u0993 cold chain-\u098f\u09b0 \u0993\u09aa\u09b0\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u09e7\u09ef. \u09a1. \u09ac\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099c\u09bf\u09a6 \u09ae\u09cb\u09a1\u09bc\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09be\u09ae\u09b0\u09cd\u09b6 : \u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u0997\u09ac\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09cb\u099c\u09a8<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7 \u099c\u09be\u09a4\u099f\u09bf\u09b0 \u09aa\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7 \u09ac\u09be \u09ac\u09bf\u09aa\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u099a\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b8\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u09a6\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8\u09c0\u09af\u09bc structured trial \u09a6\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b0\u0964 \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09a4 pure\/local control, Holstein-cross \u098f\u09ac\u0982 Fleckvieh-cross group \u09b0\u09c7\u0996\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u09ad\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 agro-ecological zone-\u098f \u0997\u09ac\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3\u09be \u09b9\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u0989\u099a\u09bf\u09a4\u0964 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae\u09be\u09aa \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"614\" height=\"499\" src=\"https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/images-12.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9000\" style=\"width:248px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/images-12.jpg 614w, https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/images-12-300x244.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 614px) 100vw, 614px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09ae\u0995\u09be\u09b2\u09c0\u09a8 \u0993\u099c\u09a8 \u0993 \u0995\u09a0\u09bf\u09a8 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b8\u09ac\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b9\u09be\u09b0; <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u09a6\u09c1\u09a7 \u099b\u09be\u09a1\u09bc\u09be\u09a8\u09cb\u09b0 \u0986\u0997\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u09ac\u09be\u099b\u09c1\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09c3\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09c1\u09b9\u09be\u09b0; <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u09ac\u09af\u09bc\u0983\u09b8\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cc\u0981\u099b\u09be\u09a8\u09cb\u09b0 \u09ac\u09af\u09bc\u09b8 \u0993 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae \u09ac\u09be\u099a\u09cd\u099a\u09be \u09a6\u09c7\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u09b0 \u09ac\u09af\u09bc\u09b8; <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf \u09a6\u09c1\u09a7\u09a6\u09be\u09a8 \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c1\u09a7\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae\u09be\u09a3, \u099a\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09bf, \u0986\u09ae\u09bf\u09b7 \u0993 \u09a6\u09c7\u09b9\u0995\u09cb\u09b7\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u0982\u0996\u09cd\u09af\u09be; <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0997\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b9\u09be\u09b0 \u0993 \u09a6\u09c1\u0987 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b8\u09ac\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09c0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09af\u09bc; <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u09a4\u09be\u09aa \u09b8\u09b9\u09a8\u09b6\u09c0\u09b2\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09ad\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u0995; <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0986\u0981\u099f\u09c1\u09b2\u09bf \u0993 \u09ac\u09bf\u09ad\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u09b0\u09cb\u0997\u09c7 \u0986\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u09b9\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u09b0 \u09b9\u09be\u09b0; <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u09a6\u09c8\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u0993\u099c\u09a8 \u09ac\u09c3\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf, \u0996\u09be\u09a6\u09cd\u09af \u09b0\u09c2\u09aa\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0 \u09a6\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a4\u09be \u0993 \u09ae\u09be\u0982\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8\u0997\u09a4 \u09ac\u09c8\u09b6\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09cd\u09af; <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8\u0995\u09be\u09b2\u09c0\u09a8 \u09a6\u09c1\u09a7 \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8, \u099f\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09be\u09b0 \u09b9\u09be\u09b0 \u0993 \u09ae\u09cb\u099f \u09ae\u09c1\u09a8\u09be\u09ab\u09be; <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0996\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u09b0 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09aa\u09a8\u09be\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c0 \u099c\u09be\u09a4\u0997\u09a4 \u09ac\u09c8\u09b6\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09cd\u09af \u0993 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09b8\u09cd\u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u0995 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u0996\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u201c\u0985\u09b8\u09be\u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u201d \u0997\u09be\u09ad\u09c0 \u099c\u09be\u09a4\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u09b8\u09c1\u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ad\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09b9\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a8\u09be\u0964 \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09aa\u09cd\u09a4 sample, contemporary comparison \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u098f\u0995\u09be\u09a7\u09bf\u0995 lactation-\u098f\u09b0 \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af \u099a\u09be\u0987\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7 \u09b8\u09bf\u09ae\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u09b2\/\u09ab\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u0995\u09ad\u09bf\u09b0 \u09ad\u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u09af\u09ce \u0986\u099b\u09c7, \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09c7\u09b7 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u098f\u09ae\u09a8 \u0996\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 \u09af\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c1\u09a7\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09be\u09b6\u09be\u09aa\u09be\u09b6\u09bf \u0989\u099a\u09cd\u099a\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09be\u099b\u09c1\u09b0 \u0993 \u09ae\u09be\u0982\u09b8 \u0997\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u0964 \u09a4\u09ac\u09c7 \u098f\u099f\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \u201c\u0985\u09b2\u09cc\u0995\u09bf\u0995 \u099c\u09be\u09a4\u201d \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u099a\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u0989\u099a\u09bf\u09a4 \u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u0964 pure exotic \u0997\u09b0\u09c1 \u09ac\u09a1\u09bc \u0986\u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 \u0986\u09ae\u09a6\u09be\u09a8\u09bf\u09b0 \u0986\u0997\u09c7 semen-based pilot, local performance recording \u098f\u09ac\u0982 economic comparison \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09be\u09aa\u09a6\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0986\u09ae\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09be\u09ae\u09b0\u09cd\u09b6 \u09b9\u09b2\u09cb\u2014\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae\u09c7 \u0996\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u0996\u09be\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09ad\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u0995\u09b0\u09c1\u09a8, \u09aa\u09b0\u09c7 genetics \u0986\u09a8\u09c1\u09a8\u0964 \u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09be \u09ac\u099b\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ac\u09c1\u099c \u0998\u09be\u09b8, silage, \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u0995\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09be\u09a8\u09bf, mineral, cooling \u098f\u09ac\u0982 trained labour \u09a8\u09be \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09b2\u09c7 \u09a6\u09be\u09ae\u09c0 genetics \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09a8\u09be \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09ac\u09c7 \u09a8\u09be\u0964 \u099b\u09cb\u099f \u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf \u09ac\u0995\u09a8\u09be\u09af\u09bc heavy birth-weight sire \u09a8\u09af\u09bc; calving-ease proven bull \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09c1\u09a8\u0964 \u09b6\u09c1\u09a7\u09c1 \u09a6\u09c1\u09a7\u09c7\u09b0 breeding value \u09a8\u09af\u09bc, fertility, udder health, feet-leg, longevity, calf vitality \u098f\u09ac\u0982 beef index \u098f\u0995\u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09c1\u09a8\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u099f\u09bf \u09ab\u09b2 \u09b2\u09bf\u0996\u09c7 \u09b0\u09be\u0996\u09c1\u09a8\u0964 \u0995\u09cb\u09a8 sire-\u098f\u09b0 \u09ac\u09be\u099b\u09c1\u09b0 \u0995\u09a4 \u0995\u09c7\u099c\u09bf \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09ae\u09c7\u099b\u09c7, \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b8\u09ac\u09c7 \u09b8\u09be\u09b9\u09be\u09af\u09cd\u09af \u09b2\u09c7\u0997\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 \u0995\u09bf \u09a8\u09be, \u0995\u09a4 \u09a6\u09bf\u09a8\u09c7 \u0997\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09a3 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u099b\u09c7, \u0995\u09a4 \u09a6\u09c1\u09a7 \u09a6\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7, \u0997\u09b0\u09ae\u09c7 \u0995\u09a4\u099f\u09be \u0995\u09ae\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u099a\u09bf\u0995\u09bf\u09ce\u09b8\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u0995\u09a4 \u0996\u09b0\u099a \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u2014\u098f\u09b8\u09ac \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af\u0987 \u09aa\u09b0\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09c0 \u09b8\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ad\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u0964 \u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf catalogue \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09a8\u09be \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09af\u09bc; \u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u0996\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b0\u09c7\u0995\u09b0\u09cd\u09a1 \u09b8\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09b0 \u09b2\u09be\u09ad \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u09b6\u09c7\u09b7 \u0995\u09a5\u09be<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09b8\u09bf\u09ae\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u09b2\/\u09ab\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u0995\u09ad\u09bf \u098f\u09ae\u09a8 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b6\u09be\u09b2\u09c0 breed family, \u09af\u09be\u09b0 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2 \u09a6\u09b0\u09cd\u09b6\u09a8 \u09b9\u09b2\u09cb \u09ad\u09be\u09b0\u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09cd\u09af\u0964 \u0986\u09a7\u09c1\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 Fleckvieh \u098f\u0995\u0987 \u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c1\u09a7, milk solids, \u09aa\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf, \u09ac\u09be\u099b\u09c1\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af, fertility \u0993 functional life \u09a7\u09b0\u09c7 \u09b0\u09be\u0996\u09be\u09b0 \u099a\u09c7\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09c7; beef Simmental \u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4 \u09ac\u09c3\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf, carcass \u0993 maternal performance-\u098f \u0997\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u0964 \u09a4\u09be\u0987 mixed-income \u0996\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 \u099c\u09be\u09a4\u099f\u09bf\u09b0 \u0986\u0995\u09b0\u09cd\u09b7\u09a3 \u09af\u09a5\u09c7\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0995\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1 \u09b8\u09be\u09ab\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b6\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u0995\u09be\u09b0: \u09b8\u09a0\u09bf\u0995 line, \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae\u09be\u09a3\u09bf\u09a4 bull, \u0989\u09aa\u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 dam, \u09a8\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4 crossbreeding, \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09aa\u09cd\u09a4 \u09aa\u09c1\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09bf, heat-stress control, \u09b0\u09cb\u0997 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0\u09cb\u09a7 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09c1\u09b2 record\u0964 \u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u0996\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09bf \u09af\u09a6\u09bf \u09a8\u09be\u09ae \u0993 \u09ac\u09be\u09b9\u09cd\u09af\u09bf\u0995 \u0986\u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09a6\u09b2\u09c7 data \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09c7 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u099a\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8, \u099b\u09cb\u099f pilot \u09a6\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09b6\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 lifetime profit \u09ae\u09be\u09aa\u09c7\u09a8\u2014\u09a4\u09be\u09b9\u09b2\u09c7 \u09b8\u09bf\u09ae\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u09b2\/\u09ab\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u0995\u09ad\u09bf \u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a6\u09c1\u09a7 \u0993 \u09ae\u09be\u0982\u09b8 \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8\u09c7 \u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09b0 \u09ad\u09c2\u09ae\u09bf\u0995\u09be \u09b0\u09be\u0996\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u0986\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u0995\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09a8\u09be \u099b\u09be\u09a1\u09bc\u09be \u09b6\u09c1\u09a7\u09c1 \u09ac\u09a1\u09bc \u0986\u0995\u09c3\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf genetics \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09b2\u09c7 \u098f\u0995\u0987 \u099c\u09be\u09a4 \u0996\u09b0\u099a, \u0995\u09a0\u09bf\u09a8 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b8\u09ac \u0993 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09aa\u09a8\u09be\u09b0 \u099a\u09be\u09aa \u09ac\u09be\u09a1\u09bc\u09be\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Simmental-and-Fleckvieh-1-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9001\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Simmental-and-Fleckvieh-1-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Simmental-and-Fleckvieh-1-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Simmental-and-Fleckvieh-1-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Simmental-and-Fleckvieh-1-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Simmental-and-Fleckvieh-1-500x280.jpg 500w, https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Simmental-and-Fleckvieh-1.jpg 1672w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af\u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>World Simmental Fleckvieh Federation (WSFF): <a href=\"https:\/\/wsff.info\/\">https:\/\/wsff.info\/<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>American Simmental Association: <a href=\"https:\/\/simmental.org\/\">https:\/\/simmental.org\/<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Genetic Austria\u2014Fleckvieh\/Simmental breeding information: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.genetic-austria.at\/en\/\">https:\/\/www.genetic-austria.at\/en\/<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>GGI-SPERMEX\u2014Fleckvieh breeding values and functional traits: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ggi-spermex.de\/en\/\">https:\/\/www.ggi-spermex.de\/en\/<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture (LfL), cattle breeding resources: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lfl.bayern.de\/\">https:\/\/www.lfl.bayern.de\/<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>FAO Domestic Animal Diversity Information System (DAD-IS): <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fao.org\/dad-is\/\">https:\/\/www.fao.org\/dad-is\/<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>International Committee for Animal Recording (ICAR): <a href=\"https:\/\/www.icar.org\/\">https:\/\/www.icar.org\/<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u09b8\u09a4\u09b0\u09cd\u0995\u09c0\u0995\u09b0\u09a3:<\/strong> \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09a6\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8 \u0993 \u0993\u099c\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u0982\u0996\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb \u0986\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09cd\u099c\u09be\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 herd \u0993 \u0997\u09ac\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09be \u09b8\u09be\u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09a3 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09b8\u09b0; \u098f\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb \u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u099f \u0997\u09b0\u09c1\u09b0 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u099a\u09af\u09bc\u09a4\u09be \u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7 \u0996\u09be\u09a6\u09cd\u09af, \u0986\u09ac\u09b9\u09be\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be, \u09b0\u09cb\u0997\u099a\u09be\u09aa, genetic purity \u0993 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09aa\u09a8\u09be \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c0 \u09ab\u09b2 \u0989\u09b2\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u0996\u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u099a\u09bf\u0995\u09bf\u09ce\u09b8\u09be, \u099f\u09bf\u0995\u09be, ration formulation \u0993 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u099c\u09a8\u09a8 \u09b8\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u09a8\u09bf\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf\u09a4 \u09aa\u09b6\u09c1\u099a\u09bf\u0995\u09bf\u09ce\u09b8\u0995\/\u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09cd\u09af \u09aa\u09c1\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09bf\u09ac\u09bf\u09a6 \u0993 breeding specialist-\u098f\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09be\u09ae\u09b0\u09cd\u09b6\u09c7 \u09a8\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u09b8\u09bf\u09ae\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u09b2\/\u09ab\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u0995\u09ad\u09bf \u0997\u09b0\u09c1 \u0964\u0964 \u09a6\u09c1\u09a7, \u09ae\u09be\u0982\u09b8, \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u099c\u09a8\u09a8, \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09aa\u09a8\u09be \u0993 \u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac\u09a4\u09be \u09a8\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u09be\u0999\u09cd\u0997 \u0997\u09ac\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3\u09be\u09a7\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u09c0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09a6\u09a8\u0964\u0964 \u09a1. \u09ac\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099c\u09bf\u09a6 \u09ae\u09cb\u09a1\u09bc\u09b2\u0995\u09c3\u09b7\u09bf \u09b8\u09be\u0982\u09ac\u09be\u09a6\u09bf\u0995, \u0997\u09ac\u09c7\u09b7\u0995 \u0993 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09b9\u09c0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u0995\u0964\u0964 \u09b8\u09bf\u09ae\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u09b2 \u09ac\u09be \u09ab\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u0995\u09ad\u09bf (Simmental\/Fleckvieh) \u09aa\u09c3\u09a5\u09bf\u09ac\u09c0\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ac\u099a\u09c7\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c3\u09a4, \u09ac\u09b9\u09c1\u09ae\u09c1\u0996\u09c0 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09a8\u09c8\u09a4\u09bf\u0995\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u0997\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3 \u0997\u09b0\u09c1\u09b0 \u09ac\u0982\u09b6\u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09be\u09b0\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb\u09b0 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf\u0964 \u098f\u0995\u0987 \u0997\u09b0\u09c1 \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09b9\u09a3\u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09cd\u09af \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae\u09be\u09a3 \u09a6\u09c1\u09a7, \u09ad\u09be\u09b2\u09cb \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09be\u099b\u09c1\u09b0 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09ad\u09be\u09b0\u09c0 \u09ae\u09be\u0982\u09b8\u09b2 \u09a6\u09c7\u09b9\u2014\u098f\u0987 \u09a4\u09bf\u09a8 \u09b8\u09c1\u09ac\u09bf\u09a7\u09be \u098f\u0995\u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09a8\u09be\u0987 \u099c\u09be\u09a4\u099f\u09bf\u09b0 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