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class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u098f\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 <strong>\u09e7,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6 \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09bf\u09a4 \u09ae\u09be\u09a6\u09bf \u09b9\u09be\u0981\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8\u09b0\u09a4 \u09aa\u09be\u09b2<\/strong> \u09a7\u09b0\u09c7 \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09be\u09ac \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u09aa\u09be\u09b2\u099f\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09e9\u09e6\u09e6 \u09aa\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09b7 \u09b9\u09be\u0981\u09b8 \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09b2\u09c7 \u09e7,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6 \u09b9\u09be\u0981\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u098f\u0995\u0987 \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09be\u09ac \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09cb\u099c\u09cd\u09af \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7 \u09a8\u09be\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0996\u09be\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u09b0 \u09a1\u09bf\u09ae \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09aa\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09b7 \u09b9\u09be\u0981\u09b8 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class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09ed\u09e6\u09e6\u099f\u09bf<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09e8\u09e7,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6\u099f\u09bf<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u09ee\u09e6 \u09b6\u09a4\u09be\u0982\u09b6<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09ee\u09e6\u09e6\u099f\u09bf<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09e8\u09ea,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6\u099f\u09bf<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u098f\u0987 \u099b\u0995\u09c7 \u09b8\u09ac \u09a1\u09bf\u09ae \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09cd\u09af \u09a7\u09b0\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac\u09c7 \u09ad\u09be\u0999\u09be, \u09a8\u09b7\u09cd\u099f \u09ac\u09be \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09b0 \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09aa\u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09c0 \u09a1\u09bf\u09ae \u09ac\u09be\u09a6 \u09a6\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 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class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09ac\u09be\u099a\u09cd\u099a\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af \u0995\u09ae \u09b9\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u0995\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1 \u09a1\u09bf\u09ae \u09aa\u09be\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u09b0 \u0986\u0997 \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u0995\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u0995 \u09ae\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0996\u09be\u09a6\u09cd\u09af, \u09a4\u09be\u09aa\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be, \u09b6\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae \u0993 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u099a\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b0 \u0996\u09b0\u099a \u09ac\u09b9\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0986\u09b0\u0993 \u0997\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3 \u09b9\u09b2\u09cb, <strong>\u09e7,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6 \u09ac\u09be\u099a\u09cd\u099a\u09be \u0995\u09bf\u09a8\u09b2\u09c7\u0987 \u09e7,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6 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class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0996\u09be\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a6\u09be\u09ae \u09ac\u09a6\u09b2\u09be\u09b2\u09c7 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09af\u09bc \u09a6\u09be\u0981\u09a1\u09bc\u09be\u09ac\u09c7:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u0996\u09be\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u0989\u09a6\u09be\u09b9\u09b0\u09a3\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09e9\u09e6 \u09a6\u09bf\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0996\u09be\u09a6\u09cd\u09af \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09af\u09bc<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u0995\u09c7\u099c\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09eb\u09e6 \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09e8,\u09e8\u09eb,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6 \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0995\u09c7\u099c\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09eb\u09eb \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09e8,\u09ea\u09ed,\u09eb\u09e6\u09e6 \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0995\u09c7\u099c\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09ec\u09e6 \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09e8,\u09ed\u09e6,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6 \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0995\u09c7\u099c\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09ec\u09eb \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09e8,\u09ef\u09e8,\u09eb\u09e6\u09e6 \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0995\u09c7\u099c\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u0996\u09be\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a6\u09be\u09ae \u09aa\u09be\u0981\u099a \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be \u09ac\u09be\u09a1\u09bc\u09b2\u09c7 \u09ae\u09be\u09b8\u09bf\u0995 \u0996\u09b0\u099a \u09ac\u09be\u09a1\u09bc\u09ac\u09c7 \u09e8\u09e8,\u09eb\u09e6\u09e6 \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u0997\u09b0\u09bf \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09a8\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09e8\u09e6 \u09b8\u09aa\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u09b9\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0 \u0996\u09be\u0995\u09bf \u0995\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09ac\u09c7\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u0996\u09be\u09a6\u09cd\u09af \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09b9\u09a3 \u09a6\u09c8\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u09e7\u09e8\u09e6 \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09ae \u09ac\u09be \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf \u09b9\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 \u09ac\u09b2\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7; \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae\u09be\u09a3 \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8 \u0993 \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u0996\u09be\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09aa\u09cd\u09af\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u0993\u09aa\u09b0 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u09a4\u09be\u0987 \u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac \u0996\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 \u0996\u09be\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u0996\u09be\u09a6\u09cd\u09af, \u0985\u09aa\u099a\u09af\u09bc, \u09b9\u09be\u0981\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b6\u09be\u09b0\u09c0\u09b0\u09bf\u0995 \u0985\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be \u0993 \u09a1\u09bf\u09ae \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8 \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09c7 \u09ac\u09be\u099c\u09c7\u099f \u09b8\u0982\u09b6\u09cb\u09a7\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09ae \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09a4\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09ae\u09be\u09b8\u09bf\u0995 \u0996\u09b0\u099a \u0995\u09a4?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2 \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09be\u09ac\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb \u09b9\u09b2\u09cb:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09bf\u09a4 \u09ae\u09be\u09a6\u09bf \u09b9\u09be\u0981\u09b8: \u09e7,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6\u099f\u09bf\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09be\u09ac\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09af\u09bc: \u09e9\u09e6 \u09a6\u09bf\u09a8\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u09a6\u09c8\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u0995\u09c7\u09a8\u09be \u0996\u09be\u09a6\u09cd\u09af: \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u099f\u09bf \u09b9\u09be\u0981\u09b8\u09c7 \u09e7\u09eb\u09e6 \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09ae\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0996\u09be\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af: \u0995\u09c7\u099c\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09eb\u09eb \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09cd\u09af \u09a1\u09bf\u09ae: \u09a6\u09c8\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u09ed\u09e6\u09e6\u099f\u09bf\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0996\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u09b0 \u09aa\u09be\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af: \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u099f\u09bf \u09a1\u09bf\u09ae \u09e7\u09eb \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09a1\u09bf\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u09e7\u09eb \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be <strong>\u0996\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09aa\u09cd\u09a4 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af<\/strong> \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u09a7\u09b0\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u09a6\u09cb\u0995\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0996\u09c1\u099a\u09b0\u09be \u09a6\u09be\u09ae \u09ac\u09b8\u09be\u09b2\u09c7 \u0996\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u0986\u09af\u09bc \u0985\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09cb \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u09ae\u09be\u09b8\u09bf\u0995 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u099a\u09be\u09b2\u09a8 \u0996\u09b0\u099a<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u0996\u09be\u09a6\u09cd\u09af: \u09ea,\u09eb\u09e6\u09e6 \u0995\u09c7\u099c\u09bf \u00d7 \u09eb\u09eb \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09e8,\u09ea\u09ed,\u09eb\u09e6\u09e6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u09b6\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae: \u09ac\u09c7\u09a4\u09a8 \u0985\u09a5\u09ac\u09be \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b6\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09e8\u09e6,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09cd\u09af\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09be \u0993 \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09be\u09a3\u09c1\u09a8\u09be\u09b6\u0995<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09eb,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u09aa\u09be\u09a8\u09bf, \u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09c1\u09ce \u0993 \u09ac\u09bf\u099b\u09be\u09a8\u09be\u09b0 \u0989\u09aa\u0995\u09b0\u09a3<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09ec,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u09a1\u09bf\u09ae \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b9\u09a8, \u09aa\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u0995\u09bf\u0982 \u0993 \u09ac\u09bf\u09aa\u09a3\u09a8<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09ec,\u09eb\u09e6\u09e6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u099b\u09cb\u099f\u0996\u09be\u099f\u09cb \u09ae\u09c7\u09b0\u09be\u09ae\u09a4 \u0993 \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09af<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09eb,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u09ae\u09cb\u099f \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u099a\u09be\u09b2\u09a8 \u0996\u09b0\u099a<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\"><strong>\u09e8,\u09ef\u09e6,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u098f\u0987 \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09be\u09ac \u09a8\u09bf\u099c\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0997\u09be\u09b0 \u0996\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u0964 \u099c\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0997\u09be \u09ac\u09be \u0998\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ad\u09be\u09a1\u09bc\u09be \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09b2\u09c7 \u09af\u09cb\u0997 \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7\u0964 \u0996\u09be\u09a6\u09cd\u09af \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b9\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0996\u09b0\u099a \u0995\u09c7\u099c\u09bf\u09b0 \u09a6\u09be\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u09a8\u09be \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09b2\u09c7 \u09b8\u09c7\u099f\u09bf\u0993 \u0986\u09b2\u09be\u09a6\u09be \u09af\u09cb\u0997 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09cd\u09af\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09be\u0981\u099a \u09b9\u09be\u099c\u09be\u09b0 \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09a8\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09ae\u09bf\u09a4 \u09ac\u09be\u099c\u09c7\u099f \u09ac\u09b0\u09be\u09a6\u09cd\u09a6\u0964 \u09ac\u09a1\u09bc \u09b0\u09cb\u0997\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a6\u09c1\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a4\u09bf \u098f\u0987 \u0985\u0999\u09cd\u0995 \u09a6\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09a3 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7\u2014\u098f\u09ae\u09a8 \u09a7\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a8\u09c7\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09a8\u09be\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u09a1\u09bf\u09ae \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u0995\u09a4 \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09ac\u09c7?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09a6\u09c8\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u09ed\u09e6\u09e6\u099f\u09bf \u09a1\u09bf\u09ae \u09aa\u09be\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u0997\u09c7\u09b2\u09c7 \u09e9\u09e6 \u09a6\u09bf\u09a8\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09cd\u09af \u09a1\u09bf\u09ae \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7 \u09e8\u09e7,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6\u099f\u09bf\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u09a1\u09bf\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u0986\u09af\u09bc = \u09e8\u09e7,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6 \u00d7 \u09e7\u09eb \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be = \u09e9,\u09e7\u09eb,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6 \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u099a\u09be\u09b2\u09a8 \u0989\u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09c3\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4 = \u09e9,\u09e7\u09eb,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6 \u2212 \u09e8,\u09ef\u09e6,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6 = \u09e8\u09eb,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6 \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u098f\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u0997\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09af\u09bc \u09b8\u09cd\u09aa\u09b7\u09cd\u099f: \u09e7\u09eb \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be \u09a6\u09be\u09ae\u09c7, \u09ed\u09e6 \u09b6\u09a4\u09be\u0982\u09b6 \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8\u09c7 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u0995\u09c7\u099c\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09eb\u09eb \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be \u0996\u09be\u09a6\u09cd\u09af \u0995\u09bf\u09a8\u09c7 \u098f\u0987 \u0996\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u099a\u09be\u09b2\u09a8 \u0989\u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09c3\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4 \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09b2\u09c7\u0993 \u09a4\u09be \u09ac\u09a1\u09bc \u0985\u0999\u09cd\u0995\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b2\u09be\u09ad \u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09a1\u09bf\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af \u09e7\u09eb \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be \u09ed\u09e6 \u09aa\u09af\u09bc\u09b8\u09be \u09b9\u09b2\u09c7 \u098f\u0995\u0987 \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8\u09c7 \u0986\u09af\u09bc \u09b9\u09af\u09bc \u09e9,\u09e8\u09ef,\u09ed\u09e6\u09e6 \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u099a\u09be\u09b2\u09a8 \u0989\u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09c3\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09af\u09bc <strong>\u09e9\u09ef,\u09ed\u09e6\u09e6 \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be<\/strong>\u0964 \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09ce \u09ae\u09be\u09b8\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09ea\u09e6 \u09b9\u09be\u099c\u09be\u09b0 \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be \u0989\u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09c3\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4 \u09aa\u09c7\u09a4\u09c7 \u098f\u0987 \u09ae\u09a1\u09c7\u09b2\u09c7 \u09a1\u09bf\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a6\u09b0 \u09e7\u09eb \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be\u09b0 \u099a\u09c7\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u0995\u09bf\u099b\u09c1\u099f\u09be \u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09cb\u099c\u09a8\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0995\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u099a\u09be\u09b2\u09a8 \u0989\u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09c3\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4 \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7\u0993 \u09b9\u09be\u0981\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09af\u09bc, \u0985\u09ac\u0995\u09be\u09a0\u09be\u09ae\u09cb\u09b0 \u0985\u09ac\u099a\u09af\u09bc \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09a7\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0996\u09b0\u099a \u09ac\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u099a\u09a8\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u09aa\u09c1\u09b0\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb \u09b9\u09be\u0981\u09b8 \u09ac\u09a6\u09b2\u09be\u09a8\u09cb\u09b0 \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be \u0995\u09cb\u09a5\u09be\u09af\u09bc?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09b9\u09be\u0981\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09c7 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf \u09ae\u09be\u09b8\u09c7 \u0996\u09b0\u099a \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09cb \u09a0\u09bf\u0995 \u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u0986\u09ac\u09be\u09b0 \u09ac\u09b9\u09c1 \u09ae\u09be\u09b8 \u09a1\u09bf\u09ae \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09b9\u09be\u0981\u09b8 \u0995\u09c7\u09a8\u09be\u09b0 \u0996\u09b0\u099a \u0989\u09aa\u09c7\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09be\u0993 \u09a0\u09bf\u0995 \u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09a7\u09b0\u09be \u09af\u09be\u0995:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09be\u09ac\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09ae\u09be\u09a8<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u09e7,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6 \u09b9\u09be\u0981\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09eb,\u09e6\u09e6,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8\u0995\u09be\u09b2 \u09b6\u09c7\u09b7\u09c7 \u09b9\u09be\u0981\u09b8 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09b0 \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09ae\u09bf\u09a4 \u09ae\u09cb\u099f \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09e8,\u09eb\u09e6,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u0995\u09cd\u09af<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\"><strong>\u09e8,\u09eb\u09e6,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0989\u09a6\u09be\u09b9\u09b0\u09a3 \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u09e7\u09ee \u09ae\u09be\u09b8 \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8\u0995\u09be\u09b2 \u09a7\u09b0\u09b2\u09c7 \u09ae\u09be\u09b8\u09bf\u0995 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09af\u09bc \u09b9\u09af\u09bc \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09af\u09bc <strong>\u09e7\u09e9,\u09ee\u09ee\u09ef \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be<\/strong>, \u0997\u09cb\u09b2 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09e7\u09ea \u09b9\u09be\u099c\u09be\u09b0 \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u098f\u0987 \u09e7\u09ee \u09ae\u09be\u09b8 \u09ac\u09be \u09b6\u09c7\u09b7\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af \u09a8\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u099a\u09bf\u09a4 \u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u09ac\u09af\u09bc\u09b8, \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09a4\u09a8, \u09ae\u09c3\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09c1 \u0993 \u09ac\u09be\u099c\u09be\u09b0\u09a6\u09b0 \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c0 \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09be\u09ac \u09ac\u09a6\u09b2\u09be\u09ac\u09c7\u0964 \u09b9\u09be\u0981\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af \u0993 \u09b6\u09c7\u09b7\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u098f\u0987 \u09aa\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7 \u0986\u09ac\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09c1\u09b0\u09cb \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09c7 \u09ac\u09be\u09a1\u09bc\u09a4\u09bf \u09b2\u09be\u09ad \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u09af\u09cb\u0997 \u0995\u09b0\u09b2\u09c7 \u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09bf\u0997\u09c1\u09a3 \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09be\u09ac \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09af\u09be\u09ac\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u098f\u09b0 \u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7 \u0989\u09a6\u09be\u09b9\u09b0\u09a3 \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u09ae\u09be\u09b8\u09c7 \u0985\u09ac\u0995\u09be\u09a0\u09be\u09ae\u09cb\u09b0 \u0985\u09ac\u099a\u09af\u09bc \u09eb,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6 \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u098b\u09a3\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c1\u09a6 \u0985\u09a5\u09ac\u09be \u09a8\u09bf\u099c\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09a7\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c1\u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09af\u09bc \u09e7\u09e6,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6 \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be \u09a7\u09b0\u09b2\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u099a\u09be\u09b2\u09a8 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09be\u0987\u09b0\u09c7 \u0986\u09b0\u0993 <strong>\u09e8\u09ef,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6 \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be<\/strong> \u09ac\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u099a\u09a8\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u098f\u0995\u0987 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09a7\u09a8\u09c7 \u09b8\u09c1\u09a6 \u0993 \u09b8\u09c1\u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09af\u09bc \u098f\u0995\u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7 \u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09bf\u0997\u09c1\u09a3 \u09af\u09cb\u0997 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09a8\u09be\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09a4\u09be\u09b9\u09b2\u09c7 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09ae \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09ab\u09b2:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u09ab\u09b2\u09be\u09ab\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09ae\u09be\u09b8\u09bf\u0995 \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u09a1\u09bf\u09ae \u09e7\u09eb \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf \u09b9\u09b2\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u099a\u09be\u09b2\u09a8 \u0989\u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09c3\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09e8\u09eb,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09af\u09bc, \u0985\u09ac\u099a\u09af\u09bc \u0993 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09a7\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0996\u09b0\u099a<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09e8\u09ef,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0986\u09a8\u09c1\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09ab\u09b2<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\"><strong>\u09ea,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6 \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be \u09b2\u09cb\u0995\u09b8\u09be\u09a8<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u09a1\u09bf\u09ae \u09e7\u09eb.\u09ed\u09e6 \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf \u09b9\u09b2\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u099a\u09be\u09b2\u09a8 \u0989\u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09c3\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09e9\u09ef,\u09ed\u09e6\u09e6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u098f\u0995\u0987 \u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09ab\u09b2<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\"><strong>\u09e7\u09e6,\u09ed\u09e6\u09e6 \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be \u09b2\u09be\u09ad<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0996\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be \u0986\u09b8\u099b\u09c7 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u0987 \u09b8\u09ac \u0996\u09b0\u099a \u0989\u09a0\u09c7 \u09af\u09be\u099a\u09cd\u099b\u09c7\u2014\u098f\u09ae\u09a8 \u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u09ad\u09be\u09b2\u09cb \u0993 \u0996\u09be\u09b0\u09be\u09aa \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09a4\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09ab\u09b2 \u0995\u09a4\u099f\u09be \u09aa\u09be\u09b2\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u09af\u09bc?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09a8\u09bf\u099a\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a4\u09bf\u09a8\u099f\u09bf \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09a4\u09bf\u0987 \u0989\u09a6\u09be\u09b9\u09b0\u09a3\u0964 \u09b8\u09ac \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c8\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u09e7\u09eb\u09e6 \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09ae \u0996\u09be\u09a6\u09cd\u09af \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u0996\u09be\u09a6\u09cd\u09af \u099b\u09be\u09a1\u09bc\u09be \u09ae\u09be\u09b8\u09bf\u0995 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u099a\u09be\u09b2\u09a8 \u0996\u09b0\u099a \u09ea\u09e8,\u09eb\u09e6\u09e6 \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be \u09a7\u09b0\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09af\u09bc<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u0995\u09c2\u09b2<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09ae<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u0995\u09c2\u09b2<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u09a6\u09c8\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09cd\u09af \u09a1\u09bf\u09ae<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09ec\u09e6\u09e6<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09ed\u09e6\u09e6<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09ee\u09e6\u09e6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u099f\u09bf \u09a1\u09bf\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09aa\u09cd\u09a4 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09e7\u09e9 \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09e7\u09eb \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09e7\u09ec \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0996\u09be\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09c7\u099c\u09bf\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09eb\u09eb \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09eb\u09eb \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09eb\u09e6 \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u09ae\u09be\u09b8\u09bf\u0995 \u09a1\u09bf\u09ae \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09b0 \u0986\u09af\u09bc<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09e8,\u09e9\u09ea,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09e9,\u09e7\u09eb,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09e9,\u09ee\u09ea,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u09ae\u09be\u09b8\u09bf\u0995 \u0996\u09be\u09a6\u09cd\u09af \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09af\u09bc<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09e8,\u09ea\u09ed,\u09eb\u09e6\u09e6<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09e8,\u09ea\u09ed,\u09eb\u09e6\u09e6<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09e8,\u09e8\u09eb,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u099a\u09be\u09b2\u09a8 \u0996\u09b0\u099a<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09ea\u09e8,\u09eb\u09e6\u09e6<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09ea\u09e8,\u09eb\u09e6\u09e6<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09ea\u09e8,\u09eb\u09e6\u09e6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u099a\u09be\u09b2\u09a8 \u0989\u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09c3\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4 \u09ac\u09be \u0998\u09be\u099f\u09a4\u09bf<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\"><strong>\u2212\u09eb\u09ec,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\"><strong>\u09e8\u09eb,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\"><strong>\u09e7,\u09e7\u09ec,\u09eb\u09e6\u09e6<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0985\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u09e8\u09ef \u09b9\u09be\u099c\u09be\u09b0 \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be \u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09af\u09bc \u09a7\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\"><strong>\u2212\u09ee\u09eb,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\"><strong>\u2212\u09ea,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\"><strong>\u09ee\u09ed,\u09eb\u09e6\u09e6<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u098f\u0995\u0987 \u09b8\u0982\u0996\u09cd\u09af\u0995 \u09b9\u09be\u0981\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0996\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 \u09ab\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u0995\u09cd\u09af \u098f\u09a4 \u09ac\u09a1\u09bc \u09b9\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09a3 \u09b9\u09b2\u09cb \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8, \u0996\u09be\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a6\u09be\u09ae \u0993 \u09a1\u09bf\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a6\u09b0 \u098f\u0995\u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7 \u0995\u09be\u099c \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u0995\u09c2\u09b2 \u09ae\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b2\u09be\u09ad\u0995\u09c7 \u09e7\u09e8 \u09a6\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u0997\u09c1\u09a3 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09ac\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09b7\u09bf\u0995 \u09b2\u09be\u09ad \u0998\u09cb\u09b7\u09a3\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09a0\u09bf\u0995 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7 \u09a8\u09be\u0964 \u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09be \u09ac\u099b\u09b0 \u09ee\u09e6 \u09b6\u09a4\u09be\u0982\u09b6 \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8, \u098f\u0995\u0987 \u0996\u09be\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u098f\u0995\u0987 \u09a1\u09bf\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a6\u09b0 \u09ac\u099c\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09ac\u09c7 \u0995\u09bf \u09a8\u09be, \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae\u09be\u09a3 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09cb\u099c\u09a8\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09a1\u09bf\u09ae \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0996\u09b0\u099a \u0995\u09a4?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2 \u09ae\u09a1\u09c7\u09b2\u09c7 \u09ae\u09be\u09b8\u09bf\u0995 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u099a\u09be\u09b2\u09a8 \u0996\u09b0\u099a \u09e8,\u09ef\u09e6,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6 \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be\u0964 \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8 \u09ac\u09a6\u09b2\u09be\u09b2\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u099f\u09bf \u09a1\u09bf\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u0996\u09b0\u099a \u09a6\u09be\u0981\u09a1\u09bc\u09be\u09af\u09bc:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u09a6\u09c8\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09cd\u09af \u09a1\u09bf\u09ae<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09ae\u09be\u09b8\u09bf\u0995 \u09a1\u09bf\u09ae<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u099f\u09bf \u09a1\u09bf\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u099a\u09be\u09b2\u09a8 \u0996\u09b0\u099a<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u09eb\u09e6\u09e6\u099f\u09bf<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09e7\u09eb,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09e7\u09ef.\u09e9\u09e9 \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u09ec\u09e6\u09e6\u099f\u09bf<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09e7\u09ee,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09e7\u09ec.\u09e7\u09e7 \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u09ed\u09e6\u09e6\u099f\u09bf<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09e8\u09e7,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09e7\u09e9.\u09ee\u09e7 \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u09ee\u09e6\u09e6\u099f\u09bf<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09e8\u09ea,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09e7\u09e8.\u09e6\u09ee \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09b9\u09be\u0981\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09af\u09bc, \u0985\u09ac\u099a\u09af\u09bc \u0993 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09a7\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0996\u09b0\u099a\u09b8\u09b9 \u09ae\u09be\u09b8\u09bf\u0995 \u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09af\u09bc \u09e9,\u09e7\u09ef,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6 \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be \u09a7\u09b0\u09b2\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c8\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u09ed\u09e6\u09e6 \u09a1\u09bf\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u099f\u09bf \u09a1\u09bf\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u0996\u09b0\u099a \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09af\u09bc <strong>\u09e7\u09eb.\u09e7\u09ef \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be<\/strong>\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u098f\u0987 \u0985\u0999\u09cd\u0995\u0987 \u09ac\u09cb\u099d\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u0995\u09c7\u09a8 \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8 \u0995\u09ae\u09c7 \u0997\u09c7\u09b2\u09c7 \u0996\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09bf \u09ac\u09bf\u09aa\u09a6\u09c7 \u09aa\u09a1\u09bc\u09c7\u09a8\u0964 \u09b9\u09be\u0981\u09b8 \u09a1\u09bf\u09ae \u0995\u09ae \u09a6\u09bf\u09b2\u09c7\u0993 \u0996\u09be\u09a6\u09cd\u09af \u0993 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u099a\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b0 \u0985\u09a7\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u0982\u09b6 \u0996\u09b0\u099a \u099a\u09b2\u09a4\u09c7 \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u09b2\u09cb\u0995\u09b8\u09be\u09a8 \u098f\u09a1\u09bc\u09be\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09a6\u09bf\u09a8 \u0995\u09a4 \u09a1\u09bf\u09ae \u09b2\u09be\u0997\u09ac\u09c7?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09ae\u09c2\u09b2 \u09ae\u09a1\u09c7\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u099a\u09be\u09b2\u09a8 \u0996\u09b0\u099a \u09a7\u09b0\u09c7 \u0996\u09b0\u099a \u0993\u09a0\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c0\u09ae\u09be \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09be\u09ac \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09cb\u099c\u09a8\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u09a6\u09c8\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u09a1\u09bf\u09ae = \u09ae\u09be\u09b8\u09bf\u0995 \u0996\u09b0\u099a \u00f7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u099f\u09bf \u09a1\u09bf\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09aa\u09cd\u09a4 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af \u00f7 \u09e9\u09e6\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u099f\u09bf \u09a1\u09bf\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09aa\u09cd\u09a4 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u099a\u09be\u09b2\u09a8 \u0996\u09b0\u099a \u09a4\u09c1\u09b2\u09a4\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c8\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u09a1\u09bf\u09ae \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09cb\u099c\u09a8<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u09e7\u09e8 \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09ee\u09e6\u09ec\u099f\u09bf<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u09e7\u09e9 \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09ed\u09ea\u09ea\u099f\u09bf<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u09e7\u09ea \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09ec\u09ef\u09e7\u099f\u09bf<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u09e7\u09eb \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09ec\u09ea\u09eb\u099f\u09bf<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u09e7\u09ec \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09ec\u09e6\u09eb\u099f\u09bf<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3 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\u0996\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cc\u0981\u099b\u09be\u09a8\u09cb \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u0996\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u09b0 \u09b9\u09be\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u09a1\u09bf\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a6\u09b0 \u099c\u09be\u09a8\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09b9\u09be\u0981\u09b8 \u0995\u09c7\u09a8\u09be\u09b0 \u0986\u0997\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u0995 \u09a6\u09bf\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8 \u09b0\u09c7\u0995\u09b0\u09cd\u09a1 \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09be, \u09ac\u09af\u09bc\u09b8 \u0993 \u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09cd\u09af \u09af\u09be\u099a\u09be\u0987 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a3\u09bf\u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09a6 \u0995\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u0995\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09be\u09ae\u09b0\u09cd\u09b6 \u09a8\u09c7\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09cb\u099c\u09a8\u0964 \u0995\u09c7\u09a8\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8 \u0995\u09ae\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u2014\u09b8\u09c7\u0987 \u09b8\u09ae\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u09b0 \u0996\u09be\u09a6\u09cd\u09af \u0996\u09b0\u099a\u0993 \u09b9\u09be\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b0\u09be\u0996\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0985\u09ad\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09a4\u09be \u09a8\u09be \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09b2\u09c7 \u099b\u09cb\u099f \u09aa\u09be\u09b2 \u09a6\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09a8\u09bf\u099c\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09aa\u09a8\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8 \u0993 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09b0 \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af \u09b8\u0982\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09b9 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09c7 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09a3 \u0995\u09b0\u09b2\u09c7 \u09ac\u09a1\u09bc \u09ac\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09cb\u0997\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ad\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09aa\u09be\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u098f\u0987 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09a6\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 <strong>\u09e7,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6 \u09a1\u09bf\u09ae\u09aa\u09be\u09a1\u09bc\u09be \u09b9\u09be\u0981\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0996\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09b0 \u09b2\u09be\u09ad\u099c\u09a8\u0995 \u09b9\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7, \u09a4\u09ac\u09c7 \u09b2\u09be\u09ad\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0997\u09be \u09a4\u09c8\u09b0\u09bf \u09b9\u09af\u09bc \u0996\u09be\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a6\u0995\u09cd\u09b7 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09be\u09b0, \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09aa\u09cd\u09a4 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09cd\u09af \u09a1\u09bf\u09ae \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09ad\u09be\u09b2\u09cb \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09aa\u09cd\u09a4 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09a8\u09cd\u09ac\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u0964<\/strong> \u09a8\u09bf\u099c\u09c7\u09b0 \u0998\u09b0 \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09b2\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09ef\u2013\u09e7\u09e8 \u09b2\u09be\u0996 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09a8\u09a4\u09c1\u09a8 \u0985\u09ac\u0995\u09be\u09a0\u09be\u09ae\u09cb \u09b9\u09b2\u09c7 \u099c\u09ae\u09bf \u0995\u09c7\u09a8\u09be \u09ac\u09be\u09a6\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09e7\u09ea\u2013\u09e8\u09e6 \u09b2\u09be\u0996 \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1\u09a4\u09bf \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u0989\u09a6\u09be\u09b9\u09b0\u09a3\u09ad\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u0995\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09a8\u09be\u0964 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8\u09c0\u09af\u09bc \u09a6\u09b0 \u09ac\u09b8\u09be\u09a8\u09cb \u099b\u09be\u09a1\u09bc\u09be \u098f\u0987 \u0985\u0999\u09cd\u0995\u0995\u09c7 \u099a\u09c2\u09a1\u09bc\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u09ac\u09be\u099c\u09c7\u099f \u09a7\u09b0\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09a8\u09be\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0996\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09ab\u09b2\u09cd\u09af \u09ae\u09be\u09aa\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b6\u09cd\u09a8\u099f\u09bf \u09a4\u09be\u0987 \u09b6\u09c1\u09a7\u09c1 \u201c\u0986\u099c \u0995\u09a4 \u09a1\u09bf\u09ae \u09aa\u09c7\u09b2\u09be\u09ae\u201d \u09a8\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b6\u09cd\u09a8 \u09b9\u09b2\u09cb\u2014<strong>\u0986\u099c\u0995\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a1\u09bf\u09ae \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09b0 \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u09b6\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a6\u09be\u09ae, \u09b8\u09ac \u0996\u09b0\u099a \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09aa\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09be\u09b2 \u0995\u09c7\u09a8\u09be\u09b0 \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be \u09b0\u09c7\u0996\u09c7 \u0995\u09a4\u099f\u09c1\u0995\u09c1 \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09b2?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/ducks-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9510\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/ducks-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/ducks-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/ducks-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/ducks-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/ducks-500x280.jpg 500w, https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/ducks.jpg 1672w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How Much Does It Cost to Raise 1,000 Laying Ducks\u2014and How Much Profit Remains?<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>A Research-Based Report by Dr. Bayezid Moral<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hundreds of eggs are being sold every day, bringing money into the farm regularly. From the outside, a laying-duck farm may appear certain to make a profit. But how much remains after paying for feed, labour, transport, healthcare and other expenses? Is enough money being set aside to replace the flock after the older ducks are sold?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These questions are essential to understanding the economics of a 1,000-duck farm. Egg sales revenue and profit are different things. Even a productive farm can lose money when feed prices rise and egg prices fall.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Under the illustrative budget in this report, starting with 1,000 female ducks close to laying age may require approximately Tk 900,000\u20131.2 million if suitable housing and land are already available. If new housing and infrastructure are needed, the estimated requirement may rise to Tk 1.4\u20132 million, excluding land purchase. In a moderate scenario, a monthly operating surplus of around Tk 40,000 may fall to approximately Tk 10,000 after allowing for flock value reduction, infrastructure depreciation and the cost of capital. Under adverse conditions, monthly operating losses can exceed Tk 50,000.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These figures are neither verified current prices for a particular location nor a guarantee of profit. The calculations combine published research and technical guidance with explicitly stated assumptions. Results will change when actual local feed, duck and egg prices are used.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Do 1,000 Ducks Mean 1,000 Eggs Every Day?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">One of the biggest mistakes in farm budgeting is assuming that the number of ducks equals the number of eggs produced daily.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This report assumes a productive flock of <strong>1,000 live female ducks<\/strong>. The same calculations would not apply to a flock of 1,000 birds that includes 300 males.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Male ducks are not needed to produce eggs for human consumption. Producing fertile eggs for hatching is a separate business with different breeding requirements and market conditions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For 1,000 female ducks, the production rates mean:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Daily laying rate<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Eggs per day<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Eggs in 30 days<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>50%<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">500<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">15,000<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>60%<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">600<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">18,000<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>70%<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">700<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">21,000<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>80%<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">800<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">24,000<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This table assumes that every egg is saleable. In practice, broken, spoiled and otherwise unsaleable eggs must be deducted. The live flock count must also be adjusted when ducks die or are removed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Production does not remain constant from the beginning of laying through peak production and later stages. Tamil Nadu Agricultural University\u2019s guidance states that ducks generally begin laying at about five to six months of age and reach peak production several weeks later. Timing varies with breed and management, so full production revenue should not be assumed immediately after purchase.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Which Farming System Does This Budget Cover?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Duck farms in Bangladesh cannot all be assessed using the same budget.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ducks grazing in haors, beels and other water bodies may obtain some natural food. In a confined farm, almost all nutritional requirements must be met through purchased feed. Grazing may reduce feed purchases, but it also involves supervision, movement, access to water bodies and seasonal food shortages.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The main calculations in this report cover a farm <strong>primarily dependent on purchased feed<\/strong>. When comparing it with a farm using natural food sources, both feed and labour expenses must be recalculated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A study conducted in Kishoreganj identified disease, high feed costs, limited access to credit and veterinary services, and low selling prices as important challenges in duck farming. The study dates from 2016; its historical monetary figures have not been used as current investment estimates.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How Much Money Is Needed to Start?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Having enough money to buy the ducks does not mean the farm is fully prepared. Feed stocks, housing, water facilities and funds to cover expenses during low production are also necessary.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The following budget assumes an <strong>illustrative purchase price of Tk 500 per female duck close to laying age<\/strong>. This is not a verified current market quotation. Before purchasing, obtain local prices and confirm the ducks\u2019 age, breed, health, sex and production history.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">If Suitable Housing and Land Are Already Available<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Investment item<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Illustrative cost<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>1,000 female ducks at Tk 500 each<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Tk 500,000<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Housing repairs, drainage and fencing<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Tk 75,000<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Feeders, drinkers and egg collection equipment<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Tk 50,000<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Transport, initial health checks and cleaning<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Tk 25,000<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Initial investment<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\"><strong>Tk 650,000<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Working capital for one to two months, rounded<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\"><strong>Tk 250,000\u2013500,000<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Total funds required<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\"><strong>Tk 900,000\u20131,150,000<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Under these assumptions, preparing approximately <strong>Tk 900,000\u20131.2 million<\/strong> is a reasonable planning estimate. Existing housing must still be checked for suitability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Working capital is money kept available to purchase feed and cover running expenses. It does not necessarily have to be spent all at once. It helps the farm continue operating when egg payments are delayed or production is initially low.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">If New Housing Is Required<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Replacing the Tk 75,000 repair allowance with an illustrative Tk 600,000\u2013900,000 budget for new housing, fencing, drainage and essential facilities brings the total funding requirement to approximately <strong>Tk 1.425\u20131.975 million<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Therefore, a planning range of approximately <strong>Tk 1.4\u20132 million<\/strong>, excluding land purchase, may be considered. This is not a construction quotation. Actual costs must be determined from local materials, building dimensions and construction standards.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Reducing housing costs by overcrowding the ducks may undermine production and management. Tamil Nadu Agricultural University\u2019s guidance specifies approximately four to five square feet of floor space per laying duck under an intensive system. For 1,000 ducks, this amounts to approximately 4,000\u20135,000 square feet of bird housing, with feed storage and other service areas provided separately.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Is It Cheaper to Buy Ducklings and Raise Them?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ducklings may have a lower purchase price. However, several months of feed, heating, labour and care must be financed before egg production begins.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">More importantly, <strong>buying 1,000 ducklings does not necessarily produce 1,000 laying females<\/strong>. The batch may include males, and some birds may die during rearing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tamil Nadu Agricultural University\u2019s guidance indicates that a Khaki Campbell duck consumes approximately 12.5 kilograms of feed up to 20 weeks of age. At an illustrative average feed price of Tk 55 per kilogram, feed alone would cost approximately Tk 688 per bird during that period. This excludes the duckling\u2019s purchase price, labour, healthcare, equipment and mortality losses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A duckling-rearing budget must therefore be prepared separately from a budget for buying ducks close to laying age. Forecasting future egg income without confirming the sex of the ducklings can lead to serious errors.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How Much Feed Is Needed Each Month?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The main budget assumes <strong>150 grams of purchased feed per duck per day<\/strong>. This is a budgeting assumption, not a fixed feeding recommendation for every breed and management system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For 1,000 ducks:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Daily feed = 1,000 \u00d7 150 grams = 150 kilograms.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Feed for 30 days = 150 \u00d7 30 = 4,500 kilograms.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Illustrative feed price<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Feed cost for 30 days<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Tk 50 per kilogram<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Tk 225,000<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Tk 55 per kilogram<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Tk 247,500<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Tk 60 per kilogram<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Tk 270,000<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Tk 65 per kilogram<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Tk 292,500<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>A Tk 5 increase in the price of each kilogram of feed raises monthly expenses by Tk 22,500.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Technical guidance indicates that Khaki Campbell ducks may consume 120 grams or more daily after 20 weeks, depending on production and access to other food. Actual budgets should therefore be adjusted using measured feed consumption, wastage, body condition and egg production.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What Are the Monthly Expenses in a Moderate Scenario?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The main assumptions are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Live female ducks: 1,000.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Budget period: 30 days.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Purchased feed: 150 grams per duck daily.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Feed price: Tk 55 per kilogram.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Saleable eggs: 700 per day.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Price received by the farmer: Tk 15 per egg.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Tk 15 price is the <strong>amount received by the farmer<\/strong>. Using a shop\u2019s retail price would overstate farm revenue.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Monthly operating expense<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Amount<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Feed: 4,500 kilograms \u00d7 Tk 55<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Tk 247,500<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Labour: wages or the value of family labour<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Tk 20,000<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Healthcare and disinfectants<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Tk 5,000<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Water, electricity and bedding materials<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Tk 6,000<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Egg transport, packaging and marketing<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Tk 6,500<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Minor repairs and miscellaneous expenses<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Tk 5,000<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Total operating expenses<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\"><strong>Tk 290,000<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This budget assumes the farm operates on its own premises. Rent must be added where applicable. Feed transport must also be added if it is not included in the quoted feed price.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Tk 5,000 healthcare allowance is a routine budget provision. It should not be assumed sufficient to cover losses from a major disease outbreak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How Much Remains After Selling the Eggs?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">At 700 eggs per day, the farm produces 21,000 saleable eggs in 30 days.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Egg revenue = 21,000 \u00d7 Tk 15 = Tk 315,000.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Operating surplus = Tk 315,000 \u2212 Tk 290,000 = Tk 25,000.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">At a 70% laying rate, an egg price of Tk 15 and a feed price of Tk 55 per kilogram, this farm generates an operating surplus, but it is modest.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If the egg price rises to Tk 15.70, revenue at the same production level becomes Tk 329,700, leaving an operating surplus of approximately <strong>Tk 39,700<\/strong>. In this model, achieving a monthly surplus of about Tk 40,000 therefore requires an egg price slightly above Tk 15.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Even then, flock value reduction, infrastructure depreciation and the cost of capital must be considered.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Where Does the Money for Replacing the Flock Come From?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Charging the entire purchase price of the ducks as an expense every month would be incorrect. Ignoring their purchase cost throughout the production period would also distort profit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Consider these assumptions:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Item<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Amount<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Purchase price of 1,000 ducks<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Tk 500,000<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Estimated total sale value at the end of the production period<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Tk 250,000<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Difference in value<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\"><strong>Tk 250,000<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Spread over an illustrative 18-month production period, the monthly reduction in flock value is approximately <strong>Tk 13,889<\/strong>, rounded to Tk 14,000.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Neither the 18-month period nor the final sale value is guaranteed. Age, declining production, mortality and market prices will change the calculation. If this purchase-minus-resale method is used, the full resale proceeds must not also be added as extra profit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Adding an illustrative Tk 5,000 monthly infrastructure depreciation allowance and Tk 10,000 for loan interest or the opportunity cost of personal capital brings these additional costs to <strong>Tk 29,000 per month<\/strong>. Interest and opportunity cost must not both be charged on the same capital.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The moderate scenario then produces the following results:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Financial result<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Monthly amount<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Operating surplus at Tk 15 per egg<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Tk 25,000<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Flock value reduction, depreciation and capital cost<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Tk 29,000<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Estimated result after full costs<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\"><strong>Tk 4,000 loss<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Operating surplus at Tk 15.70 per egg<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Tk 39,700<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Result after the same full costs<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\"><strong>Tk 10,700 profit<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Money flowing into a farm does not necessarily mean that all its costs are being recovered.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How Much Can Results Change?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The following scenarios are illustrative. Each assumes 150 grams of feed per duck daily and Tk 42,500 in monthly operating expenses other than feed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Item<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Adverse<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Moderate<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Favourable<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Saleable eggs per day<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">600<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">700<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">800<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Price received per egg<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Tk 13<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Tk 15<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Tk 16<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Feed price per kilogram<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Tk 55<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Tk 55<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Tk 50<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Monthly egg revenue<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Tk 234,000<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Tk 315,000<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Tk 384,000<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Monthly feed cost<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Tk 247,500<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Tk 247,500<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Tk 225,000<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Other operating expenses<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Tk 42,500<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Tk 42,500<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Tk 42,500<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Operating surplus or deficit<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\"><strong>\u2212Tk 56,000<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\"><strong>Tk 25,000<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\"><strong>Tk 116,500<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Result after an additional Tk 29,000 in full costs<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\"><strong>\u2212Tk 85,000<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\"><strong>\u2212Tk 4,000<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\"><strong>Tk 87,500<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Production, feed prices and egg prices work together, creating large differences between farms with the same number of ducks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Multiplying one favourable month\u2019s profit by 12 does not establish annual profit. Evidence is needed that an 80% laying rate and the same feed and egg prices can be maintained throughout the year.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What Does It Cost to Produce One Egg?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Under the main model, monthly operating expenses total Tk 290,000. The cost per egg changes with production:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Saleable eggs per day<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Monthly eggs<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Operating cost per egg<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>500<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">15,000<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Tk 19.33<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>600<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">18,000<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Tk 16.11<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>700<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">21,000<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Tk 13.81<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>800<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">24,000<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Tk 12.08<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Including flock value reduction, depreciation and capital cost brings monthly full costs to Tk 319,000. At 700 eggs daily, the full cost per egg is approximately <strong>Tk 15.19<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This explains why declining production puts farmers under pressure. Most feeding and care expenses continue even when fewer eggs are produced.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How Many Eggs Are Needed Daily to Break Even?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The operating break-even point can be calculated as:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Required daily eggs = Monthly expenses \u00f7 Price received per egg \u00f7 30.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Price received per egg<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Daily eggs needed to cover operating expenses<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Tk 12<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Approximately 806<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Tk 13<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Approximately 744<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Tk 14<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Approximately 691<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Tk 15<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Approximately 645<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Tk 16<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-right\" data-align=\"right\">Approximately 605<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">At full monthly costs of Tk 319,000 and an egg price of Tk 15, the farm needs approximately <strong>709 saleable eggs daily<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Although 700 eggs from 1,000 female ducks may appear to be good production, it falls slightly short of recovering full costs under this particular budget.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What Happens When the Egg Price Falls by Tk 1?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A farm producing 700 saleable eggs daily sells 21,000 eggs monthly. A Tk 1 decline in the price of each egg reduces monthly revenue by <strong>Tk 21,000<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If feed prices simultaneously rise by Tk 5 per kilogram, monthly costs increase by <strong>Tk 22,500<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Together, these changes worsen the monthly result by <strong>Tk 43,500<\/strong>. A farm previously generating a Tk 40,000 operating surplus could move into an operating deficit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bangladesh has experienced this kind of price risk. A March 2026 report on Singra\u2019s duck-egg market described large eggs selling for Tk 10 and smaller eggs for Tk 8\u20139. These figures represent a particular place and time, rather than a current nationwide price, but they demonstrate why falling prices must be considered in farm budgets.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How Much Can Natural Food Sources Save?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Suppose grazing allows purchased feed to fall from 150 grams to 120 grams per duck daily without reducing egg production.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For 1,000 ducks, purchased feed would decrease by 30 kilograms daily, or 900 kilograms monthly. At Tk 55 per kilogram, the potential saving is <strong>Tk 49,500 per month<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This is conditional. Additional grazing labour, transport, access charges and changes in production must be accounted for before calculating the final benefit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Reducing feed purchases cannot automatically be counted as a gain if egg production also falls. Access to a water body does not necessarily ensure adequate nutrition.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Feed Cost per Egg Matters More Than the Price of a Bag<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Choosing feed solely by its bag price can lead to poor decisions. Cheaper feed may increase the cost per egg if production declines.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In the main model, 4,500 kilograms of monthly feed produces 21,000 eggs. Purchased feed use is approximately <strong>214 grams per egg<\/strong>. At Tk 55 per kilogram, feed alone costs approximately <strong>Tk 11.79 per egg<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If daily production falls to 600 eggs while feed use remains unchanged, feed cost rises to <strong>Tk 13.75 per egg<\/strong>. Selling an egg for Tk 13 would then fail to cover even its feed cost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Balanced nutrition is essential. University guidance specifies approximately 18% crude protein and at least 3% calcium in layer-duck feed. A nutritionist should assess any ration prepared from local ingredients.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Family Labour Also Has a Cost<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">One family member may graze the ducks, another feed them, and another collect and sell the eggs. Their work has economic value even when no salary is paid.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The main model assigns Tk 20,000 monthly to labour. Leaving this out would make the money remaining appear larger, but part of that amount would represent payment for the family\u2019s work.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Bangladesh study cited above documented substantial labour contributions by women in duck care. Treating family labour as free therefore prevents an accurate assessment of farm earnings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What Should Farmers Record?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A daily farm record should contain at least six items:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The number of live female ducks at the start of the day.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The quantity of feed supplied.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The total number of eggs collected.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Saleable eggs and eggs lost or rejected.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Eggs sold and the price received.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Other expenses and outstanding payments.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These records should be used weekly to calculate <strong>the laying rate, feed cost per egg and surplus after total expenses<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If buyers delay payment, recorded sales will not provide the cash needed to buy feed. Recording payment collection is therefore as important as recording sales.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What Should a New Entrepreneur Decide?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Before starting with 1,000 ducks, the entire budget should be completed using local information. The most important figures are the verified purchase price of female ducks, the delivered feed price and the egg price actually received by the farmer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Before purchase, examine several days of production records, verify age and health, and seek advice from the local livestock office. Funds should also be available to cover any temporary production decline following relocation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">An inexperienced entrepreneur can begin with a smaller flock, collect production and sales records under their own management, and use that evidence to decide whether to expand.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>A 1,000-duck laying farm can be profitable, but profitability depends on efficient feed use, sufficient saleable eggs and a viable selling price.<\/strong> Approximately Tk 900,000\u20131.2 million with existing suitable housing, or Tk 1.4\u20132 million with new infrastructure excluding land purchase, represents an illustrative planning range. It should not be treated as a final budget without inserting local prices.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The measure of success is more than \u201cHow many eggs did we collect today?\u201d The essential question is: <strong>After paying for labour and all other costs, and setting aside money for the next flock, how much remains from today\u2019s egg sales?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/ducks-1-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9513\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/ducks-1-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/ducks-1-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/ducks-1-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/ducks-1-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/ducks-1-500x280.jpg 500w, https:\/\/agriculturenews24.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/ducks-1.jpg 1672w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S<strong>ources:<\/strong> Tamil Nadu Agricultural University\u2019s guidance on duck housing, feeding and laying-duck management; <em>Progressive Agriculture<\/em>, 2016, research on duck-farming profitability and labour division; <em>Bangladesh Pratidin<\/em>, 3 March 2026, reporting on falling duck-egg prices in Singra. <strong>The investment and profit tables are the report\u2019s own illustrative calculations.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u09e7\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6 \u09a1\u09bf\u09ae\u09aa\u09be\u09a1\u09bc\u09be \u09b9\u09be\u0981\u09b8 \u09aa\u09be\u09b2\u09a8\u09c7 \u0995\u09a4 \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09cb\u099c\u09a8\u2014\u09b2\u09be\u09ad \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u0995\u09a4? \u09a1. \u09ac\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099c\u09bf\u09a6 \u09ae\u09cb\u09a1\u09bc\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u0997\u09ac\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3\u09be\u09a7\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u09c0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09a6\u09a8\u0964\u0964 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09a6\u09bf\u09a8 \u0995\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u0995 \u09b6 \u09a1\u09bf\u09ae \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf \u09b9\u099a\u09cd\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u0996\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a8\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09ae\u09bf\u09a4 \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be \u0986\u09b8\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u09ac\u09be\u0987\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09b2\u09c7 \u09ae\u09a8\u09c7 \u09b9\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7, \u09a1\u09bf\u09ae\u09aa\u09be\u09a1\u09bc\u09be \u09b9\u09be\u0981\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0996\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 \u09b2\u09be\u09ad \u09a8\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u099a\u09bf\u09a4\u0964 \u0995\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1 \u09b8\u09c7\u0987 \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u0996\u09be\u09a6\u09cd\u09af, \u09b6\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae, \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b9\u09a8, \u099a\u09bf\u0995\u09bf\u09ce\u09b8\u09be \u0993 \u0996\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u0996\u09b0\u099a \u09ac\u09be\u09a6 \u09a6\u09bf\u09b2\u09c7 \u0995\u09a4 \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09c7? 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